Although withholding information from someone who would find that information painful is sometimes justified, there is no such justification if the person would benefit from having the information. Therefore, even though it would be painful for Jason to learn that his supervisor is displeased with his work, his colleague Jane should nonetheless inform Jason of this fact, for knowing that his supervisor was displeased would enable Jason to improve his supervisor's opinion of his work.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?The argument says Jane should tell Jason because Jason would benefit from knowing the information. The stated benefit is that Jason could improve his supervisor’s opinion of his work.
The missing assumption is that improving the supervisor’s opinion would actually be
beneficial to Jason.
(A) If Jane does not tell Jason that his supervisor is displeased with his work, then Jason's situation will worsen.
Wrong. The argument does not need Jason’s situation to worsen if Jane stays silent. It only needs Jason to benefit if Jane tells him.
(B) If Jane does not tell Jason that his supervisor is displeased with his work, Jason will never find out.
Wrong. The argument does not require Jane to be Jason’s only possible source of the information.
(C) If Jane tells Jason that his supervisor is displeased with his work, Jason will be grateful for the information even though it will be painful for him to learn it.
Wrong. Jason does not need to feel grateful. The issue is whether the information benefits him.
(D) Jason might eventually improve his supervisor's opinion of his work even if he never learns that his supervisor is displeased with his work.
Wrong. This weakens the need to tell Jason rather than supporting the argument.
(E) Jason would benefit if he were able to improve his supervisor's opinion of his work.
Correct. The argument depends on treating improvement in the supervisor’s opinion as a benefit to Jason. Without that assumption, the fact that Jason could improve the supervisor’s opinion would not show that Jane should tell him.
Answer: (E)