One of the things lenders do in evaluating the risk of a potential borrower defaulting on a loan is to consider the potential borrower's credit score. In general, the higher the credit score, the less the risk of default. Yet for mortgage loans, the proportion of defaults is much higher for borrowers with the highest credit scores than for other borrowers.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the statements above?The paradox is that higher credit scores generally indicate lower risk, yet mortgage borrowers with the highest scores default more often.
The best explanation is that lenders may screen this particular group
less carefully for other risk factors, allowing unusually risky borrowers into the highest-credit-score group.
(A) Mortgage lenders are much less likely to consider risk factors other than credit score when evaluating borrowers with the highest credit scores.
Correct. The important phrase is “much less likely.” Lenders do not neglect other risk factors equally for all borrowers. They scrutinize borrowers with lower credit scores more carefully, but may rely heavily on the excellent credit scores of the highest-score borrowers. As a result, some borrowers in that group may receive mortgages despite having other serious risk factors, helping explain their unexpectedly high default rate.
(B) Credit scores reported to mortgage lenders are based on collections of data that sometimes include errors or omit relevant information.
Incorrect. This problem can affect borrowers at any credit-score level, so it does not explain why the highest-score group specifically has a higher default rate.
(C) A potential borrower's credit score is based in part on the potential borrower's past history in paying off debts in full and on time.
Incorrect. This helps explain why high credit scores normally indicate lower risk, but not why the pattern is reversed for mortgage borrowers.
(D) For most consumers, a mortgage is a much larger loan than any other loan the consumer obtains.
Incorrect. This applies to mortgage borrowers generally and does not explain why borrowers with the highest credit scores default more often than other mortgage borrowers.
(E) Most potential borrowers have credit scores that are neither very low nor very high.
Incorrect. This concerns how credit scores are distributed, not why default rates are unusually high among borrowers with the highest scores.
Answer: (A)