Advertisement: Hypnosis videos work to alter behavior by subliminally directing the subconscious to act in certain ways. Directions to the subconscious must, however, be repeated many times in order to be effective. Hypnosis videos from Mesmosis, Inc. induce a hypnotic state and then issue an initial command to the subject's subconscious to experience each subsequent instruction as if it had been repeated 1,000 times. Because of the initial instruction, the subsequent instructions on Mesmosis videos are extremely effective—it is as if they had actually been repeated 1,000 times!
The advertisement's reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the advertisementThe advertisement says that directions to the subconscious must be repeated many times to work. But the special
initial command is itself a direction to the subconscious, and the argument gives no reason why
that command would work without being repeated many times.
(A) overlooks a requirement that it states for the effectiveness of directions to the subconscious
Correct. The advertisement states that subconscious directions must be repeated many times. Yet it relies on a single initial direction to make all later directions effective. It therefore ignores its own stated requirement.
(B) takes for granted that the effectiveness of a direction to the subconscious is always directly proportional to the number of times the direction is repeated
Incorrect. The argument requires repeated directions to be effective, but it does not claim that effectiveness increases in exact proportion to the number of repetitions.
(C) concludes that hypnosis is the most effective technique for altering behavior without considering evidence supporting other techniques
Incorrect. The advertisement never claims hypnosis is the most effective technique available.
(D) draws a conclusion that simply restates a claim presented in support of that conclusion
Incorrect. The conclusion is based on the claimed effect of the initial command. It does not merely restate that claim.
(E) concludes that hypnosis videos will be effective simply because they have never been proven to be ineffective
Incorrect. The argument does offer positive reasoning for effectiveness. Its problem is that the reasoning ignores the requirement applying to the initial command.
Answer: (A)