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Bunuel
While Steve and LeRoy are fishing 1 mile from shore, their boat springs a leak, and water comes in at a constant rate of 10 gallons per minute. The boat will sink if it takes in more than 30 gallons of water. Steve starts rowing toward the shore at a constant rate of 4 miles per hour while LeRoy bails water out of the boat. What is the slowest rate, in gallons per minute, at which LeRoy can bail if they are to reach the shore without sinking?

(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 6
(D) 8
(E) 10

It takes them 1/4 hours = 15 minutes to reach the shore.

Let n = the number of gallons per minute that LeRoy can bail water out of the boat and still arrive at the shore in 15 minutes with 30 gallons of water. Thus:

(10 - n) x 15 = 30

10 - n = 2

8 = n

Answer: D
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(1st) how long will it take to get to shore:

1 mile away and rowing at 4 mph

T =1/4 hour or 15 minutes


(2nd) in the time it takes them to get to shore, how much water will come into the boat if nothing is done?

Water comes in at a rate of 10 gal per min.

10 * 15 min = 150 gallons

(3rd) since the boat will sink if it takes in any more than 30 gallons, 120 gallons of the 150 gallons has to be removed before getting to shore.

He only has 15 minutes to do this


His rate must be at least:

(120 gallons) / (15 minutes) =

8 gal/min

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Distance from the shore = 1 mile

Speed = 4 miles per hour

Time before reaching the shore =\frac{ 1}{4 }= 15 mins

Total gallons in the boat without bailing in 15 minutes = 15 (mins) * 10 (gallons per minute) = 150 gals

Taken the fact that the boat doesn't sink till 30 gallons in it:

150 - 30 = 120 is the amount that LeRoy must bail out of the boat

Knowing this --> 120 / 15 (mins) = 8 is the amount of water that he needs to bail out of the boat in each minute
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time taken to reach shore= Distance/speed= 1/4*60=15 min

Water is filling in at the rate of 10 gallons/minute:
=> It means, Boat will fill in 3 mins (time 10 gallons/minute rate will take to fill 30 gallons)

but we at the least want the boat to fill in 15mins for it not to sink, so:
(10 - x) gallons per minute * 15 mins = should fill exactly 30 gallons
10 - x = 2 => x = 8 gallons per minute

D. 8
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