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dlwilson1122
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Using the multiplication principle there will be 8! ways.
i.e for the first place there are 8 possible ways, for the second place only 7 possible ways will remain and so forth till the 8th place there will be 1 way. So in total there will be 8! = 8x7x6x5x4x3x2x1 ways.

For the second part of the question, order matters and hence this is a permutation problem.
There will be 8P4 ways
8P4 = 8!/4! = 8x7x6x4 ways.
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