Does Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch Inc. export apples to Indonesia?

Question

(1) All members of the Okefenokee Produce Association export apples to Indonesia.
(2) Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch Inc. is not a member of the Okefenokee Produce Association.

stne · Accepted Answer

(1) All members of the Okefenokee Produce Association export apples to Indonesia.

Doesn't tell us anything about Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch.

INSUFF.

(2) Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch Inc. is not a member of the Okefenokee Produce Association.

By itself this statement makes no sense, as we have a new org. Okefenokee Produce Association,something that has no mention in the stem.

INSUFF.

1+2

Very tempting to mark C as the answer as together it seems that Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch does not export apples to Indonesia.

But no where does it say that "  ONLY  Okefenokee Produce Association members " export apples to Indonesia and any non member does not export Apples to Indonesia.

It could also be possible that some organisations that are not members of OPA also export Apples to Indonesia.

We are only told of OPA members but nothing is mentioned about non-members.

Consider an analogy:

Suppose we say all students of this class go to the gym, does it mean that any student who is not part of this class, will not be there in the gym?

Hence together, these statements are also  INSUFF.

Hope it helps.

Ans E

VivekSri · Answer

OA is E

Usernamevisible · Answer

Answer: E

* (1) Insufficient: We don't know if Appaloosa is a member.
* (2) Insufficient: Not being a member tells us nothing about whether it exports.
* Together:
 Member → Exports
 Not Member → ?
 Could export or not export.

Important: Never assume Not A → Not B from A → B.

Dua25 · Answer

Answer: E — even together, insufficient.

Statement 1: All members export to Indonesia. But you don't know if Appaloosa is a member. Insufficient.

Statement 2: Appaloosa isn't a member. Says nothing about whether it exports — non-members can still export. Insufficient.

Together: All members export, and Appaloosa is a non-member. The logical trap is reading this as "therefore it doesn't export." But "all members export" says nothing whatsoever about non-members. Appaloosa could export independently, or not at all. Both remain possible → E.

The formal name for the error is denying the antecedent. "If member → exports" does not give you "if not member → doesn't export." The only valid flip is the contrapositive: "if doesn't export → not a member."

A quick sketch makes it obvious — draw a big circle for "exporters to Indonesia," and a smaller circle for "association members" fully inside it. Appaloosa is outside the members circle. It can sit either inside or outside the exporters circle. Nothing pins it down.

Does Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch Inc. export apples to Indonesia?

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Does Appaloosa Apple Tree Ranch Inc. export apples to Indonesia?

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