The following appeared in the health section of a magazine on trends and lifestyles:
“People who use the artificial sweetener aspartame are better off consuming sugar, since aspartame can actually
contribute to weight gain rather than weight loss. For example, high levels of aspartame have been shown to trigger a
craving for food by depleting the brain of a chemical that registers satiety, or the sense of being full. Furthermore,
studies suggest that sugars, if consumed after at least 45 minutes of continuous exercise, actually enhance the
body’s ability to burn fat. Consequently, those who drink aspartame-sweetened juices after exercise will also lose this
calorie-burning benefit. Thus it appears that people consuming aspartame rather than sugar are unlikely to achieve
their dietary goals.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
Solution:
The content is trying to build the argument that aspartame can actually lead to weight gain rather than weight loss. The opening statement is saying that people are better off consuming sugar since aspartame contributes to weight gain. There is an assumption in this people are consuming aspartame to reduce weight.
There could be many goals for which a person consumes a particular diet. It is also seen that many people are underweight. There aim to improve weight, just going by the way argument is presented, aspartame could be beneficial to them. In this case person is better consuming aspartame. In case of diabetic patients, there priority is to reduce sugar consumption. So even if they gain some weight by consuming aspartame, The patient will first look to tackle insulin level.
Another fact given in the argument is that aspartame does not trigger a particular chemical that registers satiety. By this fact, the argument is deriving that persons would consume more food to satisfy craving. This again is assumed that craving needs to be only fulfilled. Yoga and sports have been known to give deeper spiritual experience and a healthier body. If persons practice, they might also be able to fight against the craving, and does not simply respond to stimulus. Yoga is also known to improve mental strength. This mental strength can help with not responding to craving.
There is another fact presented that if sugar is consumed after Fourty-five minutes of exercise, it leads to fat loss. But this would be counterproductive to someone’s dietary goal who wants to gain weight. These people don’t want much calorie loss.
Since a large number of people have dietary goal of reducing weight, the argument is that everyone’s aim is to reduce weight. There are many other ailments which affect people and hence their goals are different. This is analogous to saying that if a large young population likes to wear jeans, then every young person wants to wear jeans. There are many weather patters as hot and humid, hot and arid etc. where jeans might not be beneficial and people will be better of wearing loose pants.
In conclusion, the author presents an interesting but flawed argument. He has failed to consider factors that have a significant bearing on his claims. Although the argument is categorically unconvincing, the author could have strengthened his argument if he had provided more solid statistical analysis, facts and reasoning. In order to assess the merits of a certain situation, it is essential to have full knowledge of all contributing factors. Without this information, the argument remains unsubstantiated and open to debate.