Hello Ryan,
So thanks for the extreme detail! It helps a lot.
Sooo, I think the most difficult for you is that although your story is good and makes sense, it's so non-American that it may be hard for you to fit. I mean for programs like HBS2+2, Stanford deferred, and Yale silver scholars, you are in a certain sense both older than the average student and have too much experience, but on the other hand, full-time programs are probably also out because you don't have enough experience. And you will have to do a lot of explaining for them to figure out why you are applying to 2+2 at 25/26!
Buuuuut, that doesn't mean you shouldn't try. 2+2 is VERY hard to get into for everyone, so you might as well give it a shot when it fits. And at least with a Physics degree you are in the STEM pool that these programs aim for.
For the full-time programs, you might also be able to aim for them, but the thing is, how do you explain to them the fact that you work 2.5 years as an Intern (you aren't the first person I've met who had this problem, but such things imply don't exist in the US. You do an internship int he summer, and then they pay you a real salary if they expect you to stay).
Other options for you would in fact be Masters programs or an MiM if you are interested in that, and that will depend upon what your goals are.
And a final option is of course to continue 2 more years in your firm and then apply to full-time MBA programs with experience.
What I would say is take the GMAT and TOEFL, see how you do. If you kick ass on the GMAT then give it a shot this year. What's the worst that can happen? You don't get in and have to either decide for a Masters or going to work for 2 years before you reapply, but at least you will have your GMAT in pocket.
I hope this helps,
Best,
JF