Don't see the wall as whole but lets build it the from scratch.Assuming 1 meter is standard of measurement of the square bricks used to make the wall.
Length of wall - 18 meter - Lets call it 1st line of bricks each 1 meter in length. You can see 18 bricks lying on the ground in a straight line.
So , if someone asks whats the work done ; we are going to count the effort the only line that is 18.(1)
Width of wall - 2 meter - try to visualize we are putting 2nd line of bricks parallel to 1st line. So we have two rows of 18 bricks in front of us.
We could have width x meter - Similarly we have to put X line of bricks parallel to 1st line.
So , if someone asks whats the work done ; we are going to count the effort for each line. (2)
for first line - 18 bricks - 18 meter
for second line - 18 bricks - 18 meter
In this case it will be 18*2 or in general it will be "Width time Length"
Similarly , once we are done with line , lets do with the height.
Height of wall - 12 meter - We need to make 11 layers on top of the 1 layer of lines.
So , Now if someone asks whats the work done ; we are going to count the effort for each layer.(3)
for 1 layer it will be 18*2*1 (Length*Width*height)
for 12 layers it will be 18*2*12
Its easier to call the effort/Work mentioned here (1), (2) and (3) as Volume(LBH)
Hence, we are taking Volume as Work Done