Here goes....
(1) You'd better put this one down more clearly. I've long forgotten those logic signs, plus a comma here and there can totally change the given. Use words whenever you can, as that's what you'll find on the actual test!
(2) You need both the statements (A and B) to answer the question. If you only take statement A, the product can be of any two numbers, integers or not: e.g., 7 and 1, 3.5 and 2, 4 and 1.75, 5 and 1.4, etc. Statement B, however, limits your choices to either 7 and 1 or -7 and -1. Both of them will give you the same answer to your (x-y)^4, as the exponent is an even number.
(3) You can use either A or B to find the value of x.
The general equation is:
Total amount of donations = D = 500x +500(x)(x)
Using A, we have 500x/D = 1/16. It also means that 500(x)(x)/D = 15/16, which gives you an x value of 15.
Using B, you can simply solve the equation for x, which also gives you an x value of 15.
(4) You can answer the question by using statement A only. Since all you need to find is the slope of line l, which is parellel to the line y = 1-x, the slope of both the lines is the same (i.e., -1).
Also, since an infinite number of lines will cross the line y = x-1, statement B alone cannot be used to answer the question.