Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than

Question

Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans  imposing stricter limits on medical services and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend  less time with each.

(A) ..........
(B) imposing stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients, and spending
(C) that impose stricter limits on medical services, require doctors to see more patients, and spend
(D) that impose stricter limits on medical services and require doctors to see more patients, spending
(E) that impose stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients and spending

snaps · Answer

Great question. where is it from?

I go with E here is why:

first of all, we have to remember that the underlined section of a sentence is ment to modify lower-end insurance plans. what do they (the plans) do? they impose stricter limits on medical services, and that in turn requires doctors to do X (to see more patients) and Y (and to spend less time).

so the logic is this: cheaper plans restrict limits,  and 'cos of the former  docs see more patients and spend less time with each.

alpha_plus_gamma · Answer

D for me.

lower-end insurance plans do 2 things:
1)impose stricter limits on medical services
2)require doctors to see more patients

the 2) above makes doctors spend less time with patients.
It is not lower-end insurance plans that spend less time with patients.

A is wrong because the use of 'spend' is incorrect. (as if plans spend less time)

B is wrong for the same reason, though it looks parallel it means all three actions are done by insurance plans.

C is same as B just that it uses base form of verb instead of ing form

D correctly indicates that 1) & 2) above are done by insurance plans and spending less time is outcome of 2)

E indicates that only 1) is done by insurance plans and remaning are outcome of 1)

GMAT TIGER · Answer

Agree with D.

"spending less time with each" should modify "that require doctors to see more patients".

In E, "requiring doctors to see more patients and spending less time with each" modifies "that impose stricter limits on medical services". By doing so, "that impose stricter limits on medical services" is also modified by "spending less time with each". This is wrong because "spending less time with each" can logically modify only the doctors not the stricter limits.

This is called illogical modifier. Therefore the meaning of the sentence is changed in E.

So D looks good - a tough one....

stallone · Answer

hi i feel the aswer to be D as well but the OA mentioned was E

one more reason to eliminate E :

that impose stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients and spending

here even if we consider that requiring is modifying the clause before it , the usage of "spending" is wrong !

"...requiring doctors "to see" ......... and "to spend" ...." for parallelism !!

spiridon · Answer

I have seen this question either in gmatpreps or OG but its original GMAC retired question.

I guess if u r not a native speaker this is hard to get. The explanation above makes sense but I would not think of E as a right choice on a real test and would go with D

JohnLewis1980 · Answer

uf, this is a tough one!!

I picked E

requiring... and spending...  are modifing the new medical services

What's the OA and the source?

one guy said it is E and another one D, could you confirm?

Thank you!

mbaobsessed · Answer

I think 'impose' is singular verb.

so isn't it only limits medical services and not doctors.

Also medical services require doctors to see more patients and hence spend more time.

I go with E.

spiridon · Answer

OA is E indeed

selvae · Answer

https://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post8323.html

snaps · Answer

MGMAT people from the above link say OA is D. Where is your OA sorce from?

Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than

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