OEThe portion of the sentence following the comma defnes the type of thinkers characterized by the words that will fll the blank. The challenge posed by this item, then, is mainly one of vocabulary: the answers must be words that describe individuals who go against the trends in a feld or against a set of opinions. “Iconoclastic” and “heterodox” mean exactly that, with both words describing people whose opinions run counter to established norms. Of the other choices, “doctrinaire” and “dogmatic” both mean the opposite—adhering to established principles—while “integrative” and “synthesizing” both refer to a willingness to bring together disparate points of view.
Thus the correct answer is iconoclastic (Choice A) and heterodox (Choice D).