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Official Explanation

­The area of the shaded region is the area of the square minus the area of the portion of the circle that is inside the square. The area of a square is its side squared. The area of square ABCD is \(4^2 = 4 × 4\), which is 16. Now find the area of the portion of the circle that is inside the square. Because the diameter of the circle is a side of the square, you know that exactly one-half of the circle’s area is inside the square. Also, because the diameter of the circle is twice the radius, the radius of the circle is \(\frac{4}{2}\) or 2. The area of a circle with a radius r is \(πr^2\). The area of the complete circle in this question is \(π(2)^2\), which is \(4π\). So half the area of this circle is \(2π\). Thus, the area of the shaded region is \(16 - 2π\). That means that \(16 - 4π\) and 16 - 16π are less than \(16 - 2π\), so they cannot be correct choices. However, the sum of 16 and any positive number is greater than 16 and also greater than \(16 - 2π\). So, the correct choices are (C), (D), and (E).