Bunuel
What is the sum of the digits of integer k, if k = (10^40- 46)
(A) 351
(B) 360
(C) 363
(D) 369
(E) 378
Kudos for a correct solution. VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL SOLUTION:While this may look like a monster problem, it’s really just one of arithmetic. 10^40 is an insanely large number, but conceptually it’s not much different from 10^3 (i.e. 1000). If you test this relationship with a few small numbers, you can get a good look at what k will look like. For example:
\(10^2 -46 = 100-46 = 54\)
\(10^3 -46 = 1000-46 = 954\)
\(10^4 -46 = 10000-46 = 9954\)
Do you see the pattern? Every time we add one to the exponent, we add another 9 to the solution. And the number of digits in the solution is always the same as the exponent itself. So for this problem, where the exponent is 40, k will have 40 digits: a 5, a 4, and the other 38 are 9s. And since 5 + 4 is 9, then really we’re just adding up 39 9s. And 39*9 is 351 (or you can just see that it will end in a 1, and
only A matches).