A philosophical paradox is a particularly baffling sort of argument. Your intuitions tell you that the conclusion of a philosophical paradox is false, but they also tell you that its conclusion follows logically from true premises. Solving a philosophical paradox requires accepting any one of three things: that its conclusion is true, that at least one of its premises is not true, or that its conclusion does not really follow logically from its premises.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true?Our intuitions tell us three things: the premises are true, the reasoning is valid, and the conclusion is false. But to solve the paradox, we must reject at least one of these intuitive judgments.
Therefore, solving the paradox requires accepting something that initially seems wrong to us.(A) Solving a philosophical paradox requires accepting something that intuitively seems to be incorrect.
Correct. Each possible solution requires rejecting one of our intuitions: accepting that the conclusion is true, that a premise is false, or that the reasoning is invalid. So
something that intuitively seems incorrect must be accepted.
(B) The conclusion of a philosophical paradox cannot be false if all the paradox's premises are true.
Incorrect. The conclusion could still be false if it does not actually follow logically from the premises.
(C) Philosophical paradoxes with one or two premises are more baffling than those with several premises.
Incorrect. The passage says nothing about the number of premises or how that affects difficulty.
(D) Any two people who attempt to solve a philosophical paradox will probably use two different approaches.
Incorrect. Nothing is said about how different people are likely to solve paradoxes.
(E) If it is not possible to accept that the conclusion of a particular philosophical paradox is true, then it is not possible to solve that paradox.
Incorrect. The paradox could still be solved by accepting that at least one premise is false or that the conclusion does not logically follow.
Answer: (A)