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A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be

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Bunuel
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A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   06 Dec 2023, 02:30
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A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link between the harmful hydrocarbons in air pollutants and the IQ test scores of children. The research involved measuring the quality of air that pregnant women breathed during the third trimester of pregnancy, and then following the children born from that pregnancy until an IQ test could be administered. Many external factors were taken into consideration, such as the mother's IQ and the family's home environment with regards to intellectual development. Health officials, having studied this information, plan to tackle the phenomenon by increasing public awareness on the matter through campaigns aimed at warning parents-to-be.

In the argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association.

(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.

(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.

D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation.

(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection.



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C
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   10 Dec 2023, 06:27
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(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association................1st boldface isn't a cause with an effect. 2nd isn't a reason.

(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.....................The first boldface is a fact that is established in the argument through research.

(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis............this is correct

D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation............Though there is a correlation between two entities but this isn't the role of the first boldface.

(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection............2nd is not indicating a flaw in the connection.

OA should be C
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A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   11 Dec 2023, 08:47
Bunuel wrote:
A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link between the harmful hydrocarbons in air pollutants and the IQ test scores of children. The research involved measuring the quality of air that pregnant women breathed during the third trimester of pregnancy, and then following the children born from that pregnancy until an IQ test could be administered. Many external factors were taken into consideration, such as the mother's IQ and the family's home environment with regards to intellectual development. Health officials, having studied this information, plan to tackle the phenomenon by increasing public awareness on the matter through campaigns aimed at warning parents-to-be.

In the argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association.

(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.

(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.

D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation.

(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection.


Bunuel wrote:
(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association.

a link between the harmful hydrocarbons in air pollutants and the IQ test scores of children is not a cause and effect.
Many external factors were taken into consideration, this is not a reasoning for the association. Its more of a support to eliminate any doubts.

Bunuel wrote:
(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.

There's no contradiction here.
B is out.

Bunuel wrote:
(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.

Perfectly written.
First is the analysis. Second weakens the possibility of any doubt.


Bunuel wrote:
D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation

The second one is not an evidence. Be careful, they've played with the words.

Bunuel wrote:
(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection.

The second does not indicate a flaw; it rather eliminates the flaw.

IMO C
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   15 Dec 2023, 12:39
Why not D? I am not satisfied with above answers
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   21 Dec 2023, 19:58
The correct answer is C.
The first portion in boldface presents the result of an analysis, indicating the link between air pollutants and children's IQ scores. The second portion weakens the possibility of doubt by mentioning the consideration of external factors, which supports the accuracy of the analysis. Therefore, the correct role is that the first is the result of an analysis, and the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   06 Jan 2024, 08:00
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link between the harmful hydrocarbons in air pollutants and the IQ test scores of children. The research involved measuring the quality of air that pregnant women breathed during the third trimester of pregnancy, and then following the children born from that pregnancy until an IQ test could be administered. Many external factors were taken into consideration, such as the mother's IQ and the family's home environment with regards to intellectual development. Health officials, having studied this information, plan to tackle the phenomenon by increasing public awareness on the matter through campaigns aimed at warning parents-to-be.

In the argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association.

Incorrect.

This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • Sentence 1, the first boldface portion, is a premise about findings (A recent study has revealed).
  • Sentence 2 is further factual information that tells us about the research - another premise.
  • The first part of sentence 3, the second boldface portion is also a premise since it simply tells us something about how the research was done.
  • The last sentence contains the health officials judgment on the matter which is based on the data (having studied this information). This is the argument's conclusion.

While this answer choice provides a correct definition for the first boldface portion, it fails to do the same for the second boldface portion. The fact that the research looked at many external factors, doesn't actually tell us anything about the logic that the researchers used to form a link between pollution and IQ.


(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.

Incorrect.

In the conclusion we are told that the health officials are going to warn parents about the phenomenon. It follows that the officials must believe that the link presented in the first boldface portion is correct. Therefore, it cannot be said that the first boldface portion is contradicted by the conclusion. You can immediately eliminate answer choices that incorrectly define the first boldface part; do not waste time reading the rest.


(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.

The first boldface portion is what the research proved, or its result. The second boldface portion tells us that the researchers tried to consider all kinds of possibilities - to correct for any bias that might result from the influence of external factors - in order to reach the most accurate conclusion. Since these external factors were taken into consideration - one is less likely to doubt the accuracy of that analysis.


(D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation.

Incorrect.

This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • Sentence 1, the first boldface portion, is a premise about findings (A recent study has revealed).
  • Sentence 2 is further factual information that tells us about the research - another premise.
  • The first part of sentence 3, the second boldface portion is also a premise since it simply tells us something about how the research was done.
  • The last sentence contains the health officials judgment on the matter which is based on the data (having studied this information). This is the argument's conclusion.

Although this answer choice correctly defines the first boldface portion, it confuses the second with actual evidence. The second boldface portion is not a finding, something that the researchers discovered during their investigation. It is a fact about the research.

This information does not strengthen the correlation; the fact that "many factors were taken into account" could equally support the opposite idea that there is no link between pollution and IQ in children.


(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection.

Incorrect.

This answer choice correctly defines right about the first boldface portion, but not the second. The second boldface portion is basically a statement that tells us that the research was done thoroughly and as accurately as possible. This statement does not reduce the credibility of the research, but instead improves it.
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink] A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be   16 Jan 2024, 12:20
Bunuel wrote:

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link between the harmful hydrocarbons in air pollutants and the IQ test scores of children. The research involved measuring the quality of air that pregnant women breathed during the third trimester of pregnancy, and then following the children born from that pregnancy until an IQ test could be administered. Many external factors were taken into consideration, such as the mother's IQ and the family's home environment with regards to intellectual development. Health officials, having studied this information, plan to tackle the phenomenon by increasing public awareness on the matter through campaigns aimed at warning parents-to-be.

In the argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


(A) The first associates a cause with an effect; the second demonstrates the reasoning behind the formation of such an association.

Incorrect.

This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • Sentence 1, the first boldface portion, is a premise about findings (A recent study has revealed).
  • Sentence 2 is further factual information that tells us about the research - another premise.
  • The first part of sentence 3, the second boldface portion is also a premise since it simply tells us something about how the research was done.
  • The last sentence contains the health officials judgment on the matter which is based on the data (having studied this information). This is the argument's conclusion.

While this answer choice provides a correct definition for the first boldface portion, it fails to do the same for the second boldface portion. The fact that the research looked at many external factors, doesn't actually tell us anything about the logic that the researchers used to form a link between pollution and IQ.


(B) The first is a relationship contradicted by the conclusion; the second is factual information that supports that conclusion.

Incorrect.

In the conclusion we are told that the health officials are going to warn parents about the phenomenon. It follows that the officials must believe that the link presented in the first boldface portion is correct. Therefore, it cannot be said that the first boldface portion is contradicted by the conclusion. You can immediately eliminate answer choices that incorrectly define the first boldface part; do not waste time reading the rest.


(C) The first is the result of an analysis; the second weakens the possibility of doubt with regards to the accuracy of that analysis.

The first boldface portion is what the research proved, or its result. The second boldface portion tells us that the researchers tried to consider all kinds of possibilities - to correct for any bias that might result from the influence of external factors - in order to reach the most accurate conclusion. Since these external factors were taken into consideration - one is less likely to doubt the accuracy of that analysis.


(D) The first is a correlation between two entities; the second is evidence that directly strengthens the existence of that correlation.

Incorrect.

This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • Sentence 1, the first boldface portion, is a premise about findings (A recent study has revealed).
  • Sentence 2 is further factual information that tells us about the research - another premise.
  • The first part of sentence 3, the second boldface portion is also a premise since it simply tells us something about how the research was done.
  • The last sentence contains the health officials judgment on the matter which is based on the data (having studied this information). This is the argument's conclusion.

Although this answer choice correctly defines the first boldface portion, it confuses the second with actual evidence. The second boldface portion is not a finding, something that the researchers discovered during their investigation. It is a fact about the research.

This information does not strengthen the correlation; the fact that "many factors were taken into account" could equally support the opposite idea that there is no link between pollution and IQ in children.


(E) The first offers a logical connection between two factors; the second indicates a possible flaw in the credibility of that connection.

Incorrect.

This answer choice correctly defines right about the first boldface portion, but not the second. The second boldface portion is basically a statement that tells us that the research was done thoroughly and as accurately as possible. This statement does not reduce the credibility of the research, but instead improves it.


by that logic even boldface 1 in option C isn't a 'result' either. evidence word in option D is closer to the boldface too at least. anything on that?
i just wanna know how the first boldface is a RESULT as per option C
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Re: A recent study has revealed, through meticulous research, a link be [#permalink]
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