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06 Jul 2026, 10:09
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Air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators are not allowed to work exceptionally long hours, because to do so would jeopardize lives. Yet physicians in residency training are typically required to work 80-hour weeks. The aforementioned restrictions on working exceptionally long hours should also be applied to resident physicians, since they too are engaged in work of a life-or-death nature.
Which one of the following is an assumption the argument depends on?
(A) There is no indispensable aspect of residency training that requires resident physicians to work exceptionally long hours.
(B) Resident physicians have a more direct effect on the lives of others than do air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators.
(C) The more hours one works in a week, the less satisfactorily one performs one's work.
(D) Those who are not engaged in work that has life-or-death consequences should only sometimes be allowed to work exceptionally long hours.
(E) Some resident physicians would like to complete their residency training without working exceptionally long hours.
Which one of the following is an assumption the argument depends on?
(A) There is no indispensable aspect of residency training that requires resident physicians to work exceptionally long hours.
(B) Resident physicians have a more direct effect on the lives of others than do air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators.
(C) The more hours one works in a week, the less satisfactorily one performs one's work.
(D) Those who are not engaged in work that has life-or-death consequences should only sometimes be allowed to work exceptionally long hours.
(E) Some resident physicians would like to complete their residency training without working exceptionally long hours.
06 Jul 2026, 17:15
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Air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators are not allowed to work exceptionally long hours, because to do so would jeopardize lives. Yet physicians in residency training are typically required to work 80-hour weeks. The aforementioned restrictions on working exceptionally long hours should also be applied to resident physicians, since they too are engaged in work of a life-or-death nature.
Which one of the following is an assumption the argument depends on?
The argument says resident physicians should also be restricted from working exceptionally long hours because their work, like that of air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators, affects lives. The needed assumption is that there is no important feature of residency training that requires such long hours.
(A) There is no indispensable aspect of residency training that requires resident physicians to work exceptionally long hours.
This is correct. If some essential part of residency training required exceptionally long hours, then the argument for applying the same restrictions to residents would be weakened. So the argument depends on assuming that no such essential requirement exists.
(B) Resident physicians have a more direct effect on the lives of others than do air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators.
This is not required. The argument needs resident physicians’ work to be life-or-death in nature, not more directly life-or-death than the other jobs.
(C) The more hours one works in a week, the less satisfactorily one performs one's work.
This is too broad. The argument does not need to assume that every additional hour makes performance worse. It only needs the idea that exceptionally long hours are inappropriate in this kind of life-or-death work.
(D) Those who are not engaged in work that has life-or-death consequences should only sometimes be allowed to work exceptionally long hours.
This is irrelevant. The argument is about people who are engaged in life-or-death work.
(E) Some resident physicians would like to complete their residency training without working exceptionally long hours.
This is not required. Whether some residents want shorter hours does not determine whether the restrictions should be applied.
Answer: (A)
Which one of the following is an assumption the argument depends on?
The argument says resident physicians should also be restricted from working exceptionally long hours because their work, like that of air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators, affects lives. The needed assumption is that there is no important feature of residency training that requires such long hours.
(A) There is no indispensable aspect of residency training that requires resident physicians to work exceptionally long hours.
This is correct. If some essential part of residency training required exceptionally long hours, then the argument for applying the same restrictions to residents would be weakened. So the argument depends on assuming that no such essential requirement exists.
(B) Resident physicians have a more direct effect on the lives of others than do air traffic controllers and nuclear power plant operators.
This is not required. The argument needs resident physicians’ work to be life-or-death in nature, not more directly life-or-death than the other jobs.
(C) The more hours one works in a week, the less satisfactorily one performs one's work.
This is too broad. The argument does not need to assume that every additional hour makes performance worse. It only needs the idea that exceptionally long hours are inappropriate in this kind of life-or-death work.
(D) Those who are not engaged in work that has life-or-death consequences should only sometimes be allowed to work exceptionally long hours.
This is irrelevant. The argument is about people who are engaged in life-or-death work.
(E) Some resident physicians would like to complete their residency training without working exceptionally long hours.
This is not required. Whether some residents want shorter hours does not determine whether the restrictions should be applied.
Answer: (A)
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