All unemployed artists are sympathetic to social justice. And no

Question

All unemployed artists are sympathetic to social justice. And no employed artists are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.

If the claims made above are true, then which one of the following must be true?

(A) If there are artists interested in the prospect of great personal fame, they are sympathetic to social justice.
(B) All artists uninterested in the prospect of great personal fame are sympathetic to social justice.
(C) Every unemployed artist is interested in the prospect of great personal fame.
(D) If an artist is sympathetic to social justice, that artist is unemployed.
(E) All artists are either sympathetic to social justice or are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.

MalachiKeti · Answer

All unemployed artists are sympathetic to social justice. And no employed artists are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.

If the claims made above are true, then which one of the following must be true?

(A) If there are artists interested in the prospect of great personal fame, they are sympathetic to social justice.
(B) All artists uninterested in the prospect of great personal fame are sympathetic to social justice.
(C) Every unemployed artist is interested in the prospect of great personal fame.
(D) If an artist is sympathetic to social justice, that artist is unemployed.
(E) All artists are either sympathetic to social justice or are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.

Lets understand the prompt first. It tests the understanding on conditionals. If (x) then (y) - X is sufficient and Y is necessary condition.

First statement 
If (unemployed) then (sympathetic to social justice)
Unemployed is sufficient condition for sympathetic to social justice, but social justice is necessary for unemeployed.

This implies that someone maybe sympathetic but not necessarily unemployed
But if someone is unemployed it is 100% sure that they are sympathetic to social justice

This itself rules out D

Also, we should understand contrapositives =
If (not sympathetic to social justice) then employed

This implies that someone maybe employed but not necessarily not sympathetic to social justice aka could be sympathetic
But if someone is not sympathetic to social justice it is 100% sure that they are employed

This in a way takes out E - explained at the end of my explanation.

Second statement 
If (employed) then (not interested in social fame)
Not interested in social fame is sufficient condition for employed, but employed is necessary for not interested in social fame

This implies that someone maybe not interested in social fame but not necessarily employed i.e. some unemployed people may also be not interested
But if someone is employed it is 100% sure that they are not interested in social fame

This itself rules out C

Also, we should understand contrapositives = (Reverese the order and make it opposite to what it is saying - it will be true)
If Interested in social fame, then unemployed
This implies that someone maybe unemployed but not necessarily be interested in social fame
But if someone is Interested in social fame it is 100% sure that they are unemployed.

Rules out C
 Combine statements

Now lets combine the two statements since its must be true Q so we can be very mechanical to stay within the prompt
If employed then not interested in social fame - so no employed person is interested in social fame - implying the only possible person (1,2,3...all) interested in social fame would be unemployed.

Using first statement all unemployed are interested in social justice.
Some unemployed = interested in social fame
All unemployed = interested in social justice

Now since the only people interested in social fame are unemployed and all of those unemployed people are 100% interested in social justice option A is correct

Now just lets look at B & E
B. All artists uninterested in the prospect of great personal fame are sympathetic to social justice.
All artists uninterested in the prospect of great personal fame - Could be both employed and unemployed. We have no idea on employed people's stance on sympathy for social justice

Also, We have suddenly used a necesarry condition from prompt and put it in options as sufficient condition. Eliminate

E. All artists are either sympathetic to social justice or are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.
This implies that they can't be both which is clearly false - we just proved it in statement A. Also we are just told that employed artists are not interested in prospect of sical fame - but unsure on them being sympathetic or not.

Pls Kudos for detailed explanation and ask doubts if any!

Akshaynandurkar · Answer

it is better to solve such questions using tree diagrams. They are systematic and easy to comprehend. whenever the statement mentions one group. it automatcally brings the information for second group. Check the tree diagram below and check options one by one

option A : If there are artists interested in the prospect of great personal fame, they are sympathetic to social justice.
This is correct because those who are interested in fame are unemployed and unemployed are only sympathetic to social justice (tree diagram 2)

option B : All artists uninterested in the prospect of great personal fame are sympathetic to social justice.
Check tree diagram 2 , those who are not interested in prospect of great personal fame can come under both unemployed and employed so we cannot comment on whether they are sympathetic to social justice

option C :Every unemployed artist is interested in the prospect of great personal fame.
From tree diagram 2, unemployed artist could be interested in fame or not

option D : If an artist is sympathetic to social justice, that artist is unemployed.
check tree diagram 1, it is not necessary that artist is unemployed if he is sympathetic to soical justice

option E : All artists are either sympathetic to social justice or are interested in the prospect of great personal fame.
Check both tree diagram 1 and 2, if you check unemployed artist from both diagram you will see option E cannot be inferred.

Hence answer is A

JoseManuel · Answer

The correct answer is (A) because any artist interested in great personal fame must also be sympathetic to social justice.

VerbalBot · Answer

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All unemployed artists are sympathetic to social justice. And no

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All unemployed artists are sympathetic to social justice. And no

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