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06 Jul 2026, 08:21
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Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
19% (02:06) correct
81%
(02:33)
wrong
based on 161
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An automated algorithmic trading system executes trades based on an encrypted security feed. The system operates under a hardcoded protocol:
"If Event X is detected, execute Order Y immediately, unless the system has verified within the preceding 60 seconds that its own internal clock is out of sync with the exchange server."
Yesterday at exactly 10:00:00 AM, Event X occurred. The system's internal clock was perfectly synchronized with the exchange server at that exact moment. However, the system did not execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM.
A forensic software engineer investigated the system logs and concluded with absolute certainty that at 10:00:00 AM, the system possessed no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the software engineer's conclusion?
(A) The system's failure to execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM was not caused by a mechanical hardware failure or a network latency delay that occurred after the algorithmic command was generated.
(B) The encryption key required to decode the security feed containing Event X had not expired prior to 10:00:00 AM.
(C) The system is programmed such that an internal verification that its clock is in sync does not automatically overwrite or erase previous logs indicating a pessimistic sync error.
(D) The system is structurally incapable of executing a recursive verification loop where a lack of data regarding clock synchronization is treated operationally as a confirmed synchronization error.
(E) The system's protocol does not require it to possess explicit, verifiable data that its clock is synchronized as a strict prerequisite for executing any order.
"If Event X is detected, execute Order Y immediately, unless the system has verified within the preceding 60 seconds that its own internal clock is out of sync with the exchange server."
Yesterday at exactly 10:00:00 AM, Event X occurred. The system's internal clock was perfectly synchronized with the exchange server at that exact moment. However, the system did not execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM.
A forensic software engineer investigated the system logs and concluded with absolute certainty that at 10:00:00 AM, the system possessed no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the software engineer's conclusion?
(A) The system's failure to execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM was not caused by a mechanical hardware failure or a network latency delay that occurred after the algorithmic command was generated.
(B) The encryption key required to decode the security feed containing Event X had not expired prior to 10:00:00 AM.
(C) The system is programmed such that an internal verification that its clock is in sync does not automatically overwrite or erase previous logs indicating a pessimistic sync error.
(D) The system is structurally incapable of executing a recursive verification loop where a lack of data regarding clock synchronization is treated operationally as a confirmed synchronization error.
(E) The system's protocol does not require it to possess explicit, verifiable data that its clock is synchronized as a strict prerequisite for executing any order.
06 Jul 2026, 14:30
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Bookmarks
An automated algorithmic trading system executes trades based on an encrypted security feed. The system operates under a hardcoded protocol:
"If Event X is detected, execute Order Y immediately, unless the system has verified within the preceding 60 seconds that its own internal clock is out of sync with the exchange server."
Yesterday at exactly 10:00:00 AM, Event X occurred. The system's internal clock was perfectly synchronized with the exchange server at that exact moment. However, the system did not execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM.
A forensic software engineer investigated the system logs and concluded with absolute certainty that at 10:00:00 AM, the system possessed no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the software engineer's conclusion?
The engineer concludes that the system had no internal data showing that its clock was out of sync. The key assumption is that the system did not need separate proof that its clock was synchronized before executing the order. Otherwise, the system’s failure to execute could be explained by lack of confirmed synchronization, not by anything about out-of-sync data.
(A) The system's failure to execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM was not caused by a mechanical hardware failure or a network latency delay that occurred after the algorithmic command was generated.
This is not required. A hardware failure or latency delay after the command was generated would explain why the order was not completed, but it would not show that the system had internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
(B) The encryption key required to decode the security feed containing Event X had not expired prior to 10:00:00 AM.
This is not required. The passage already tells us Event X occurred. The conclusion is about the system’s internal clock-sync data, not about whether the feed could be decoded.
(C) The system is programmed such that an internal verification that its clock is in sync does not automatically overwrite or erase previous logs indicating a pessimistic sync error.
This is not required. The conclusion concerns what internal data the system possessed at 10:00:00 AM. This choice is about whether one kind of log might erase another kind of log, which is not the needed assumption.
(D) The system is structurally incapable of executing a recursive verification loop where a lack of data regarding clock synchronization is treated operationally as a confirmed synchronization error.
This is too complicated and too specific. The engineer does not need to rule out this special recursive-loop scenario. The needed assumption is simpler: the protocol does not require affirmative proof of synchronization before execution.
(E) The system's protocol does not require it to possess explicit, verifiable data that its clock is synchronized as a strict prerequisite for executing any order.
This is correct. If the system required explicit proof that the clock was synchronized before executing any order, then non-execution could be explained by the absence of such proof. In that case, the engineer could not conclude with certainty that the system had no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync. So this assumption is required.
Answer: (E)
"If Event X is detected, execute Order Y immediately, unless the system has verified within the preceding 60 seconds that its own internal clock is out of sync with the exchange server."
Yesterday at exactly 10:00:00 AM, Event X occurred. The system's internal clock was perfectly synchronized with the exchange server at that exact moment. However, the system did not execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM.
A forensic software engineer investigated the system logs and concluded with absolute certainty that at 10:00:00 AM, the system possessed no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
Which of the following is an assumption required by the software engineer's conclusion?
The engineer concludes that the system had no internal data showing that its clock was out of sync. The key assumption is that the system did not need separate proof that its clock was synchronized before executing the order. Otherwise, the system’s failure to execute could be explained by lack of confirmed synchronization, not by anything about out-of-sync data.
(A) The system's failure to execute Order Y at 10:00:00 AM was not caused by a mechanical hardware failure or a network latency delay that occurred after the algorithmic command was generated.
This is not required. A hardware failure or latency delay after the command was generated would explain why the order was not completed, but it would not show that the system had internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync.
(B) The encryption key required to decode the security feed containing Event X had not expired prior to 10:00:00 AM.
This is not required. The passage already tells us Event X occurred. The conclusion is about the system’s internal clock-sync data, not about whether the feed could be decoded.
(C) The system is programmed such that an internal verification that its clock is in sync does not automatically overwrite or erase previous logs indicating a pessimistic sync error.
This is not required. The conclusion concerns what internal data the system possessed at 10:00:00 AM. This choice is about whether one kind of log might erase another kind of log, which is not the needed assumption.
(D) The system is structurally incapable of executing a recursive verification loop where a lack of data regarding clock synchronization is treated operationally as a confirmed synchronization error.
This is too complicated and too specific. The engineer does not need to rule out this special recursive-loop scenario. The needed assumption is simpler: the protocol does not require affirmative proof of synchronization before execution.
(E) The system's protocol does not require it to possess explicit, verifiable data that its clock is synchronized as a strict prerequisite for executing any order.
This is correct. If the system required explicit proof that the clock was synchronized before executing any order, then non-execution could be explained by the absence of such proof. In that case, the engineer could not conclude with certainty that the system had no internal data indicating that its clock was out of sync. So this assumption is required.
Answer: (E)
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