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28 Sep 2020, 22:58
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B
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Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
57% (02:01) correct
43%
(02:03)
wrong
based on 741
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Anthropologist: Many people think that if human language evolved, then something like it must be present in those species most closely related to humans, such as chimpanzees. They reason that since new traits evolve gradually, something like human language, albeit cruder, must exist in some species from which humans evolved. This general line of argument may be reasonable, but it simply does not follow that chimpanzees have anything like human language, because humans did not evolve from chimpanzees. While chimpanzees are indeed closely related to humans, this is because both evolved from a common ancestor. The evolution of human language might easily have begun after the extinction of that common ancestor.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the anthropologist's argument?
(A) Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees, but rather from some extinct species.
(B) The assumption that something like human language must exist in some species from which humans evolved has no clearcut linguistic implications for chimpanzees.
(C) The communicative systems of chimpanzees are cruder than human language.
(D) Human language is a by-product of human intelligence, which chimpanzees lack.
(E) The evolution of human language began after the disappearance of an extinct species from which both humans and chimpanzees evolved.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the anthropologist's argument?
(A) Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees, but rather from some extinct species.
(B) The assumption that something like human language must exist in some species from which humans evolved has no clearcut linguistic implications for chimpanzees.
(C) The communicative systems of chimpanzees are cruder than human language.
(D) Human language is a by-product of human intelligence, which chimpanzees lack.
(E) The evolution of human language began after the disappearance of an extinct species from which both humans and chimpanzees evolved.
01 Oct 2020, 07:28
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Saasingh
Not a problem - Break it down
This general line of argument may be reasonable, but it simply does not follow that chimpanzees have anything like human language, because humans did not evolve from chimpanzees. While chimpanzees are indeed closely related to humans, this is because both evolved from a common ancestor.
The evolution of human language might easily have begun after the extinction of that common ancestor.
(B) The assumption that something like human language must exist in some species from which humans evolved has no clearcut linguistic implications for chimpanzees
It's mentioned that the evolution of humans might have begun after the extinction of the common ancestor, right? So let's say the common ancestor had 2 offsprings - a human and a chimp. If the ancestor died and the human developed on his own, the chimp might not have learnt it or have contributed to it in any way. That's kinda what this statement means.
LMK if this helps! Please kudos if it does.
And GOOD LUCK!
General Discussion
29 Sep 2020, 06:31
Kudos
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E for me.
The main point/conclusion of the argument is that humans evolved from some extinct ancestors of whom both humans and chimpanzees are descendants.
This point is succinctly expressed in E.
(A) Wrong because misses the point that chimps and humans are both descendants of common ancestor.
(B) Wrong because ---> the assumption that human language has no implications for chimps. The point is not the chimps can't speak human language. Main point is that humans and chimps both have a common extinct ancestor from whom humans evolved (not from chimps).
(C) The communicative systems of chimpanzees are cruder than human language.
Completely irrelevant.
(D) Human language is a by-product of human intelligence, which chimpanzees lack.
Human intelligence? Irrelevant.
(E) The evolution of human language began after the disappearance of an extinct species from which both humans and chimpanzees evolved.
Perfect
The main point/conclusion of the argument is that humans evolved from some extinct ancestors of whom both humans and chimpanzees are descendants.
This point is succinctly expressed in E.
(A) Wrong because misses the point that chimps and humans are both descendants of common ancestor.
(B) Wrong because ---> the assumption that human language has no implications for chimps. The point is not the chimps can't speak human language. Main point is that humans and chimps both have a common extinct ancestor from whom humans evolved (not from chimps).
(C) The communicative systems of chimpanzees are cruder than human language.
Completely irrelevant.
(D) Human language is a by-product of human intelligence, which chimpanzees lack.
Human intelligence? Irrelevant.
(E) The evolution of human language began after the disappearance of an extinct species from which both humans and chimpanzees evolved.
Perfect
