Architect: Obviously, a dirty stone building is less attractive than a clean one. But the process of cleaning stone buildings with water drives the water deep into the stone, eventually causing irreparable damage. Dirt also damages stone buildings, but less than water does. So I am afraid stone buildings must remain dirty if they are to last as long as possible.
Engineer: Not so fast. Advances in technology make it possible to clean stone buildings without water, using mild chemicals that do not penetrate the stone.
The engineer responds to the architect by doing which one of the following?The architect concludes that stone buildings must remain dirty because cleaning them with water causes serious damage. The engineer replies by introducing a new fact: stone buildings can now be cleaned without water and without penetration into the stone.
So the engineer attacks the conclusion, not the architect’s evidence about water cleaning.
(A) disputing the accuracy of the evidence that the architect cites in support of the conclusion
Wrong. The engineer does not deny that water cleaning damages stone.
(B) showing that the architect's argument is internally inconsistent
Wrong. The architect’s argument is not shown to contradict itself.
(C) describing undesirable consequences that follow from accepting the architect's conclusion
Wrong. The engineer does not say what bad results would follow from leaving buildings dirty.
(D) adducing facts selected to show that the architect's conclusion is false
Correct. The engineer gives facts showing that there is a way to clean stone buildings
without the damaging water process, so it is not true that they must remain dirty.
(E) using the evidence cited by the architect to draw an alternative conclusion
Wrong. The engineer does not use the architect’s evidence; the engineer adds new technological information.
Answer: (D)