A. however many revisions the synopsis of your novel undergoes, rarely can
they capture the profundity and scope of the complete work
--> incorrect referent "they". The pronoun should refer back to synopsis and not revisions
B. it doesn't matter how often you revise your synopsis;
they will rarely capture the profundity and scope of the complete novel
--> incorrect referent "they". The pronoun should refer back to synopsis and not revisions
C. however often a
novel is revised, the synopsis can rarely capture the profundity and scope of the complete work
--> changed meaning. The novel is revised here and that is not the intention of the statement.
D. however many times a synopsis is revised, rarely can it capture the profundity and scope of the complete novel
--> Looks okay. The pronoun "it" refers back to the synopsis correctly.
E.
without many revisions to the synopsis, the profundity and scope of the complete work cannot be captured
--> changed meaning, from "
no matter what" to "
cannot be done without"