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As part of an experiment, Cactus A and Cactus B were regularly watered and various parameters were duly monitored. If, over one month, in total, Cactus B received 30 percent less water than Cactus A, was the amount of water retained by Cactus B over the month less than that retained by Cactus A?

(1) Over the month, Cactus A received 200 ounces of water.

(2) Over the month, Cactus A retained 2 percent water and Cactus B retained 3 percent water.
Explanation:

Let the total amount of water received by Cactus A be X.
Let the total amount of water received by Cactus B be Y.
Let the amount of water retained by Cactus A be P.
Let the amount of water retained by Cactus B be Q.
Since Cactus B received 30 percent less water than Cactus A: Y = 0.7X (Equation I)
We need to find whether Q < P.

Statement (1)

X = 200

Since no information is provided regarding the values of Q and P, it is NOT possible to determine with certainty whether Q < P. Hence, Statement (1) is insufficient.

Statement (2)

P = 0.02X
Q = 0.03Y (Equation II)

From Equations I and II, Q = 0.03Y = 0.03(0.7X) = 0.021X > 0.02X = P

It is possible to determine with certainty that Q > P. Hence, Statement (2) is sufficient.

B is the correct answer choice.
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