Cognitive dissonance, a concept proposed by behavioral analyst Leon Festinger, refers to a psychological condition in which individuals experience anxiety or even neurosis because they hold contradictory beliefs. The reverse situation, known as consonance, results when dissonance reaches a peak that forces the individual to move toward consonance. Therefore, no individual can arrive at cognitive consonance unless he or she first experiences the highest possible level of cognitive dissonance.
If the above statements are true, which of the following must also be true?
A. The higher the level of cognitive dissonance, the higher is the level of cognitive consonance achieved by the individual.
B. An individual experiencing cognitive consonance does not hold contradictory beliefs.
C. Cognitive consonance cannot be achieved unless cognitive dissonance is experienced first.
D. Cognitive dissonance cannot be treated using prescription medication.
E. Awareness of cognitive dissonance in itself is not sufficient to lead to cognitive consonance.