Conclusion: In light of these facts, your proposal to increase the admission department’s budget is unjustified. Instead, the plan I will present to the board of directors recommends increasing tuition for incoming students.
Premise: Our institution is under the threat of closure if student enrollment fails to rise. Our fixed expenses, such as building maintenance and utilities, have increased more rapidly over the past five years than has revenue from all sources. Doing so will increase our institution’s revenue per student.
Reasoning Pattern: Planning
Admissions Dean’s Argument
Conclusion: (Unstated) Do the Admissions Dean’s plan, namely increase the admission department’s budget.
Premises: Any increase in the costs of attending this university will discourage students from choosing to attend, which will lower our overall revenue and threaten our ability to continue operating. My request for a budget increase will result in more students applying to our university, leading to more new students attending. The resulting increase in revenue will easily offset any increase in my department’s budget.
Reasoning Pattern: Planning
The question stem indicates that the correct answer choice must provide the way by which the Admissions Dean responds to the University Dean’s argument, so this is an Identify the Reasoning question. The University Dean and the Admissions Dean each propose a plan, so each argument follows a planning pattern. This pattern can be recognized by each dean proposing a course of action. The University Dean begins by stating a problem facing the university, that it will close if student enrollment fails to rise. The University Dean then states that fixed expenses…have increased more rapidly…than has revenue, providing a reason for the situation. Then the University Dean disagrees with the plan proposed by the Admissions Dean to increase the admission department’s budget. The University Dean offers a counter-plan to increase tuition for incoming students and finishes by providing a premise in support of the latter plan, that the plan will increase our institution’s revenue per student. The Admissions Dean first states that any increase in the costs of attending this university will discourage students from choosing to attend, which will lower our overall revenue, thus highlighting a problem with the University Dean’s plan. The Admissions Dean then states that increasing the admissions department’s budget will ultimately lead to more new students attending and that the resulting increase in revenue will easily offset any increase in the admissions department’s budget. These statements form a premise in support of the Admissions Dean’s plan.
The standard assumption of a planning pattern is that there are no problems with the plan. The Admissions Dean attacks the University Dean’s assumption by stating a problem with the University Dean’s plan, and then provides a premise in support of the Admission Dean’s own plan. Now evaluate the answer choices, looking for one that reflects this idea.
Choice A: No. This choice only partially matches. The Admissions Dean does point out a detrimental outcome of the University Dean’s proposal but does not provide an alternative method. Instead, the Admissions Dean provides further support for an already stated plan.
Choice B: No. Attacking the integrity of the University Dean describes something the argument did not do.
Choice C: No. Denying the existence of the problem describes something the argument did not do.
Choice D: No. This choice only partially matches. The Admissions Dean does object to the University Dean’s explanation of the likely outcome of increasing tuition for new students, but the Admissions Dean also provides support of the Admissions Dean’s own plan.
Choice E: Correct. The Admissions Dean provides a premise in support of the Admissions Dean’s own plan, thus explaining how increasing the admissions department’s budget will help alleviate the university’s financial issues. The Admissions Dean also states a problem with the University Dean’s plan, thus explaining…why the University Dean’s proposal will promote the very outcome it is intended to prevent.
The correct answer is choice E.