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(A) Even before the rise in the price of oil, petroleum is more expensive than the vegetables used to manufacture bio-diesel

(B) Due to political factors, the government has decided to withdraw its subsidies of pure bio-diesel

(C) Environmentalists are trying to limit petroleum consumption in order to reduce toxic emissions into the earth's atmosphere

(D) Impure bio-diesel has more chances of creating problems in car engines, a fact which raises the costs associated with it


(E) Even the slightest concentration of petroleum is toxic enough to kill mold

IMO E.
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Official Explanation



Environmentalist: Pure bio-diesel is much more economical than impure bio-diesel, which is mixed with petroleum because pure bio-diesel is entirely petroleum-free, and the price of oil is predicted to rise due to the worldwide dwindling of oil reserves.

Chemist: I strongly disagree. Pure bio-diesel is an economical disaster compared to impure bio-diesel because due to its vegetable origin, bio-diesel is susceptible to mold.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the chemist's objection to the environmentalist's claim?



(A) Even before the rise in the price of oil, petroleum is more expensive than the vegetables used to manufacture bio-diesel

Incorrect.

This is a Conclusion Strengthening question in the Dialog format. You are asked to choose the answer choice which strengthens chemist's objection (or weakens environmentalist's position):



This answer choice weakens the chemist's objection indirectly, by strengthening the environmentalist's conclusion. According to this, not only is petroleum getting more expensive but it is already more expensive than bio-diesel.



(B) Due to political factors, the government has decided to withdraw its subsidies of pure bio-diesel

Incorrect.

This answer choice neither strengthens nor weakens the chemist's objection. While this answer choice indicates pure bio-diesel will become more expensive, it does not weaken the environmentalist's claim because his or her claim is that pure bio-diesel is cheaper because of a specific reason - the rising price of oil.

Look for an answer choice which relates directly to the reasons related by either the environmentalist or the chemist.



(C) Environmentalists are trying to limit petroleum consumption in order to reduce toxic emissions into the earth's atmosphere

Incorrect.

This answer choice neither strengthens nor weakens the chemist's objection. It attempts to discredit the environmentalist by allegedly exposing the environmentalist's motive. However, dialog questions are not about why each side makes a statement; they are about what is in the statements. The reason for which the environmentalist tries to promote pure bio-diesel is irrelevant to the question because it does not make the environmentalist's argument any less valid.

Look for an answer choice which focuses directly on either one of the statements and relates to the arguments made by each party.



(D) Impure bio-diesel has more chances of creating problems in car engines, a fact which raises the costs associated with it

Incorrect.

This answer choice weakens the chemist's objection indirectly, by strengthening the environmentalist's conclusion. If impure bio-diesel causes problems that cost money to repair, it is less economic to use.



(E) Even the slightest concentration of petroleum is toxic enough to kill mold

The chemist claims that mold susceptibility is the reason why pure bio-diesel is 'an economical disaster' in comparison to impure bio-diesel, which is mixed with petroleum. This answer choice strengthens the chemist's claim because it explains why impure bio-diesel is immune to mold and thus is preferable to pure bio-diesel.


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