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GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 6): In recent years usage of fossil-fuel

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18 Jul 2022, 21:16

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

It sounds like coal is an example of electricity. - We need to find better option which puts the coal as an example of fossil fuel with correct usage of Grammar.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. - Incorrect as mentioned above

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. - Coal is an example of fossil fuel usage. Incorrect.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. - To produce electricity is better. And Sentence verb agreement is incorrect. (Usage of fossil fuels...have)

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. - Correct choice - fossil fuel usage is compared with usage of coal.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. - Especially of coal is modifying usage of fossil fuel - which is incorrect. It should be "especially that of coal" or "usage of fossil fuel, especially coal" (here, coal is referring to the fossil fuel - correct comparison).

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Usage of fossil fuel requires a singular verb. So use of “has” is required. Also as “coal” is type of “fossil fuel”, “coal” is placed near to the term “fossil fuel” to correctly convey the meaning.
Hence answer choice (E). IMO

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18 Jul 2022, 22:04

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. - modifier misplacement

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. - modifier misplacement

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. - Correct

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

This question was provided by GMAT Club
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Meaning
Use of Fossil Fuel, especially coal, to produce electricity has decreased.

Errors - Modifier placement, Meaning

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. - coal should modify fossil fuel but modifies electricity

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. - coal should modify fossil fuel but modifies usage

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. - changes meaning - means that prodcing electricity in recent years.. Not intended

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. --- Rhetorical construction

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. -- CORRECT

Ans E

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[quote="Bunuel"]In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.
-This is correct. Here especially coal is correctly modifying the usage of fossil fuel to produce electricity.
B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.
This is incorrect. Here to produce electricity is far off from the fossil fuel usage.
C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.
This is incorrect.This sentence has meaning issue.
D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.
This is incorrect.This sentence has meaning issue.
E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.
This is incorrect.This sentence has meaning issue.The sentence is ambiguous.

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18 Jul 2022, 23:18

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

Quote:

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

Usage of fossil-fuel, especially coal is incorrect. Preposition of is missing.
Incorrect.

Quote:

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

fossil-fuel usage, especially coal is incorrect. Preposition of is missing.
Incorrect.

Quote:

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

Usage of fossil-fuel is singular but have is plural.
Incorrect

Quote:

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

What has significantly decreased in recent years?
To produce electricity or fossil-fuel usage
Incorrect

Quote:

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal is correct
Option E is concise and correct

IMO E

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Answer: E

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. --> Incorrect. seems like coal is similar to electricity which is produced using fossil-fuel.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. --> Incorrect. especially coal doesn't imply usage of coal as fossil-fuel.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. --> Incorrect. SV disagreement. plural have doesn't go with singular usage.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. --> Incorrect. E is more direct and precise than this option. Also, with this option, it can be interpreted that 'electricity', fossil-fuel usage', are in parallel which makes this option as missing subject.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. --> Correct. Singular subject Usage has singular verb has. Meaning is clear and sentence is precise. Coal is defined as fossil fuel. Usage of fossil fuel properly corresponds as a way to produce electricity.

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19 Jul 2022, 01:26

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A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.--Looks fine will keep A

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.incorrect

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.Sub is singular therefore out

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.out

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.Keep

Between A and E
E is better
oa e

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19 Jul 2022, 01:31

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"especially coal" is a modifier which should logically modify "fossil fuel", so it should be placed next to what it modifies.
A is wrong because the modifier "especially coal" is illogically placed next to "electricity"
In B, fossil fuel usage is related to coal, however, either fossil fuel should have been related to coal or fossil fuel usage should have been related to coal usage. Hence, B is wrong.
"Usage of fossil fuel" is singular. "have" is plural verb. Hence, there is subject-verb mismatch in C.
In D, "fossil fuel usage" is used as a modifier to modify "to produce electricity", however, what is used to product electricity? It is the fossil fuel that is used to produce electricity, not fossil fuel usage. Hence, D is wrong.
Answer E.

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19 Jul 2022, 01:43

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. Incorrect

misplaced modifier - 'coal ' is not same as electricity

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. Incorrect

modifier issue - coal compare with fossil-fuel usage

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. Incorrect

Sv issue - 'usage ' is singular, so verb should be 'has'

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. Incorrect

E sounds better than D

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. Correct

perfect meaning, Correct choice

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19 Jul 2022, 03:01

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

Compete, Get Better, Win prizes and more

Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!

especially coal is a misplaced modifier and should be placed closer to fossil fuel.
a is out because of misplaced modifier
option b especially coal is modifying the fossil usage which is wrong, it should modify the fossil fuel not the fossil fuel usage.
option c has subject verb mismatch.
option d especially , and that are used in same sentence to restrict fossil fuel to coal hence incorrect, we can use either especially or that not both.
option e correct

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19 Jul 2022, 03:32

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Imo E

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.
Coal is wrongly compared with the usage. Also the meaning is changed as if the coal has significantly decreased.
B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.
Coal is compared with the usage.
C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.
SVA. Use of have is inappropriate.
D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.
Distorted meaning as if the fuel usage is producing electricity.
E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.
Correct.

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. -INCORRECT

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. -INCORRECT

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.-INCORRECT
-Meaning changed
Intended meaning: Use of fossil fuel (to produce electricity) has reduced in the recent years
Given Meaning: In order to produce electricity, the use of fossil fuel has reduced

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.-INCORRECT
- Same as C

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. - CORRECT

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19 Jul 2022, 04:33

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

The phrase << especially coal >> is incorrect and makes the meaning awkward.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

As in option A, the phrase << especially coal >> is incorrect and makes the meaning awkward.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

The start of sentence changes the meaning entirely - For producing electricity the usage has decreased. That is [color=#ed1c24]NOT the intent. Also, we need <<has>> instead of <<have>>.[/color]

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

Here also the start of sentence changes the meaning entirely - To produce electricitythe usage has significantly decreased in recent years. That is NOT the intent.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

CORRECT

IMO Option E

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. Wrong. No logical meaning

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. - Wrong. "fossil-fuel usage, especially coal" is inappropriate to use in the sentence

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. - Wrong. "have" is grammatically incorrect

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. Wrong. it alters the intended meaning.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. Correct. grammatically correct and it keeps the logical meaning.

The correct answer is E.

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In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

I think meaning plays a vital role in differenting the right answer choice

C, D and E have errors in intention verb, "misplaced -that" or prepositional phrase, which doesn't correctly refer back to a clear subject, making the sentence awkward.

Quote:

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

Between A and B, i think A's wording "usage of fossil fuel, especially coal," communicates the intended meaning of "reduction in electricity produced by coal-based fossil-fuel" in a better way than B's wording "fossil-fuel usage, especially coal,"

Quote:

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

Compete, Get Better, Win prizes and more

Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!

ANSWER E

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased. "usage of fossil fuel" being compared to "coal" which is incorrect; "of coal" should be used to make comparison right here; also "coal" is an example of "fossil fuel", so ideally it should be placed after "fossil-fuel"

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased. "usage of fossil fuel" being compared to "coal" which is incorrect; "of coal" should be used to make comparison right here

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased. "have" is incorrect here. "Usage" is singular

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years. This changes the meaning of the sentence. It implies "To produce electricity, fossil fuel usage has significantly decreased"

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years. CORRECT

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19 Jul 2022, 06:29

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.
--> "years" should be followed by a comma. "usage of fossil-fuel" has been compared with a noun "coal"

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.
--> Same as B

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.
--> "usage" is being used with "have". Incorrect

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.
--> Incorrect formation.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.
--> Clear active usage. Correct

IMHO Option E

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19 Jul 2022, 07:12

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Bunuel

In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

A. In recent years usage of fossil-fuel to produce electricity, especially coal, has significantly decreased.

B. In recent years fossil-fuel usage, especially coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased.

C. For producing electricity, usage of fossil-fuel, especially of coal, in recent years have significantly decreased.

D. To produce electricity, fossil-fuel usage, especially that of coal, has significantly decreased in recent years.

E. Usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, to produce electricity has significantly decreased in recent years.

This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!

A: coal is not electricity, this sentence indicates that electricity, especially coal. ELIMINATE\

B: electricity has not decreased which is indicated by this sentence. ELIMINATE

C: have is incorrect subject verb agreement. ELIMINATE

E: electricity has not reduced. ELIMINATE

D: CORRECT in all manners, usage of fossil fuel, especially of coal, then commas in right place to indicate that it is indeed the fossil fuel usage that has reduced

Answer - D