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Dropdown 1:
We need to compare the median of the top 10 production volumes with the range of those same 10 production volumes.
Since there are 10 values, which is an even number, the median is the average of the 5th and 6th largest values. Thus:
Median = (730 + 710)/2 = 720
The range is the greatest value minus the least value. Thus:
Range = 900 - 420 = 480
Now compare the median with the range:
720/480 = 1.5
So the median was 1.5 times the range.
Answer: 1.5 times
Dropdown 2:
The combined production of the four largest estates is:
900 + 870 + 830 + 780 = 3380
The estate ranked 11th in size must have production no greater than 420, because the 10th largest estate produced 420 metric tons.
Even if the 11th estate produced 420 metric tons, the ratio would be:
3380/420 = 8.04...
So the combined production of the four largest estates was more than 8 times the production of the estate ranked 11th in size.
Answer: more than 8 times
Dropdown 1: 1.5 times Dropdown 2: more than 8 times
Takeaway For GMAT graph questions, read carefully which set of data the question is about. Here, the first statement asks about the top 10 olive oil-producing estates, so “Others combined” should not be included in the median or range calculation. Also, graph questions can require actual calculations, not just visual reading. Since the DI section provides a calculator, use it when the arithmetic is not immediate or when it helps avoid careless errors.
What This Question Tests This question tests graph interpretation, basic statistics, especially median and range, comparison of quantities, and logical reasoning from ranked data. It also tests whether you can identify the relevant data set and avoid incorrectly including an extra category that is not part of the requested group.