Huang: Most people who commit violent crimes do not carefully consider whether or how they will be punished for these crimes. And those who don’t commit violent crimes have no inclination to do so. Rather than impose harsh mandatory sentences, we should attend to the root causes of violence to reduce the rate of violent crime.
Suarez: Would you say the same about nonviolent crimes, such as tax evasion? Surely mandatory penalties are a useful deterrent in these cases. At any rate, I am confident that mandatory sentences prevent most people who would otherwise physically harm others from doing so.
The dialogue between Huang and Suarez most strongly supports the claim that they disagree about whetherHuang argues that mandatory sentences are not the right way to reduce violent crime because violent criminals generally do not think carefully about punishment, while noncriminals are not inclined to commit violent crimes anyway. Suarez directly says mandatory sentences do prevent most people who would otherwise harm others.
So the disagreement is about deterrence, specifically whether mandatory sentences stop
would-be violent criminals.
(A) the best way to reduce violent crime is to address the root causes of violence
This is close, but not the clearest disagreement. Huang says this is what should be done, but Suarez does not directly say that addressing root causes is not the best way.
(B) people who commit violent crimes deserve harsh punishment
Neither speaker discusses what violent criminals deserve. The issue is deterrence, not desert.
(C) people who commit violent crimes carefully consider how they will be punished for their crimes
Huang clearly denies this for most violent criminals, but Suarez does not directly say that violent criminals carefully consider punishment. He says mandatory sentences deter many people who would otherwise harm others.
(D) mandatory sentences will deter most people who might otherwise commit violent crimes
This is correct. Huang’s reasoning suggests mandatory sentences will not be effective deterrents for violent crime, while Suarez explicitly says they prevent most people who would otherwise physically harm others.
(E) severe penalties reduce the incidence of tax evasion
Suarez says mandatory penalties are useful for tax evasion, but Huang does not state a view about tax evasion.
Answer: (D)