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27 Nov 2020, 13:41
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Between 1980 and 2008, most of India’s agricultural growth came from productivity gains rather than increased use of resources. Efficiency and technical improvements contributed 66% of growth, while conventional inputs—such as land, labor, capital, and materials—accounted for 34%. Average annual productivity growth was 2.1%, though it varied across regions.
Public investment in agricultural research and higher education had the greatest impact on productivity, particularly in the northern, western, and central States. Each ₹1 invested in this area generated ₹18.34 in research benefits.
The second most impactful factor was irrigation expansion. Groundwater-well irrigation contributed more to productivity growth than canal irrigation by enabling broader access to water and allowing more land to be double cropped.
Investment in rural education had mixed effects. Where the average level of rural schooling exceeded 4.3 years, it increased productivity. Where the average level of rural schooling was below 4.3 years, it substantially reduced productivity growth and limited the effectiveness of education investments. This threshold appeared critical for adopting new agricultural practices.
International public agricultural research also supported productivity growth, though its effects could not be separated clearly from private-sector research efforts. Support services such as access to credit and farm advisory programs also expanded considerably during this period but did not show a measurable effect on productivity growth.
Public investment in agricultural research and higher education had the greatest impact on productivity, particularly in the northern, western, and central States. Each ₹1 invested in this area generated ₹18.34 in research benefits.
The second most impactful factor was irrigation expansion. Groundwater-well irrigation contributed more to productivity growth than canal irrigation by enabling broader access to water and allowing more land to be double cropped.
Investment in rural education had mixed effects. Where the average level of rural schooling exceeded 4.3 years, it increased productivity. Where the average level of rural schooling was below 4.3 years, it substantially reduced productivity growth and limited the effectiveness of education investments. This threshold appeared critical for adopting new agricultural practices.
International public agricultural research also supported productivity growth, though its effects could not be separated clearly from private-sector research efforts. Support services such as access to credit and farm advisory programs also expanded considerably during this period but did not show a measurable effect on productivity growth.
Which of the following individual states—not including grouped entries such as Old Uttar Pradesh—experienced the greatest absolute increase in the real value of agricultural production between the periods 1980–1984 and 2004–2008?
| Andhra Pradesh | |
| Maharashtra | |
| Gujarat | |
| Punjab | |
| West Bengal |
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Official Answer
Andhra Pradesh
27 Nov 2020, 13:41
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Official Solution:
Analyzing the chart in Tab 3 and excluding all grouped states such as Old Uttar Pradesh, we see that Andhra Pradesh shows the greatest absolute increase in real agricultural production, rising from approximately ₹240 billion in 1980–1984 to ₹660 billion in 2004–2008—an increase of about ₹420 billion.
Correct answer:
Which of the following individual states—not including grouped entries such as Old Uttar Pradesh—experienced the greatest absolute increase in the real value of agricultural production between the periods 1980–1984 and 2004–2008? "Andhra Pradesh"
Bunuel
Analyzing the chart in Tab 3 and excluding all grouped states such as Old Uttar Pradesh, we see that Andhra Pradesh shows the greatest absolute increase in real agricultural production, rising from approximately ₹240 billion in 1980–1984 to ₹660 billion in 2004–2008—an increase of about ₹420 billion.
Correct answer:
Which of the following individual states—not including grouped entries such as Old Uttar Pradesh—experienced the greatest absolute increase in the real value of agricultural production between the periods 1980–1984 and 2004–2008? "Andhra Pradesh"
03 Apr 2025, 07:30
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This MSR question and its solutions have been completely revised and improved.
