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Bunuel
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Bunuel can you help here?
If a candy manufacturer makes a new candy consisting of a core composed of 10 percent chocolate by weight, and an outer layer composed of 40 percent chocolate by weight, what percent of the entire candy, by weight, consists of chocolate?

(1) The entire candy weighs 250 grams.

We only know the total weight of the candy. Without knowing how much of it is the core and how much is the outer layer, the overall chocolate percent can vary. Not sufficient.

(2) The ratio of the weight of the core to the weight of the outer layer is 4:1.

This is a weighted average problem. The ratio of core to outer layer is 4:1, meaning the candy is made of 5 equal parts, 4 parts with 10% chocolate and 1 part with 40% chocolate. The overall chocolate percentage is the weighted average: (4*10 + 1*40)/5 = 16%. Sufficient.

Answer: B.
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