IMO B.
Given - If machine X ran continuously at a uniform rate to fill a production order beginning at 8:00 a.m.
To find at what time did the machine finish filling the order lets check given statements.
1st - Machine X was still filling the order at 12:00 noon. So what? We cant say anything from this. Not sufficient.
2nd - Machine filled 1/3 of the order between 9:00 a.m. and 10:40 a.m.
Assuming 'w' as a complete order and efficiency of machine as a 'm'. So, w/3 gets completed in 100 minutes.
therefore equation will be in the form of,
w/3 = m*100 -------(eq1)
Therefore, m = w/300
from here we will able to calculate amount of work machine done in first 1 hr (8:00 - 9:00)
w' = m*60 ------ (eq2)
from both equation w' = w/5
amount of work done till 10:40 am. = w/5 + w/3 = 8w/15
Remaining work = w - (8w/15) = 7w/15
to complete remaining work 7w/15 amount of time taken by machine in minutes (T') will be
7w/15 = m*T'
but m = w/300
7w/15 = w/300 * T'
Solving we will get T' = 140 minutes from 10:40 machine will take more 140mins to finish the job.
Hence Sufficient.