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20 Sep 2017, 02:07
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
25%
(medium)
Question Stats:
79% (01:48) correct
21%
(02:04)
wrong
based on 751
sessions
History
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In 1990 major engine repairs were performed on 10 percent of the cars that had been built by the National Motor Company in the 1970s and that were still registered. However, the corresponding figure for the cars that the National Motor Company had manufactured in the 1960s was only five percent.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to explain the discrepancy?
(A) Government motor vehicle regulations generally require all cars, whether old or new, to be inspected for emission levels prior to registration.
(B) Owners of new cars tend to drive their cars more carefully than do owners of old cars.
(C) The older a car is, the more likely it is to be discarded for scrap rather than repaired when major engine work is needed to keep the car in operation.
(D) The cars that the National Motor Company built in the 1970s incorporated simplified engine designs that made the engines less complicated than those of earlier models.
(E) Many of the repairs that were performed on the cars that the National Motor Company built in the 1960s could have been avoided if periodic routine maintenance had been performed.
Source: LSAT
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to explain the discrepancy?
(A) Government motor vehicle regulations generally require all cars, whether old or new, to be inspected for emission levels prior to registration.
(B) Owners of new cars tend to drive their cars more carefully than do owners of old cars.
(C) The older a car is, the more likely it is to be discarded for scrap rather than repaired when major engine work is needed to keep the car in operation.
(D) The cars that the National Motor Company built in the 1970s incorporated simplified engine designs that made the engines less complicated than those of earlier models.
(E) Many of the repairs that were performed on the cars that the National Motor Company built in the 1960s could have been avoided if periodic routine maintenance had been performed.
Source: LSAT
25 Sep 2017, 23:49
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Here is the OE from Kaplan:
When asked to explain a discrepancy in the stimulus, the first step is to locate the discrepancy. The unusual thing in the situation described is that a smaller percentage of the older cars had engine work done. One might think that a greater percentage of older cars would need repairs, but notice that the stimulus refers to which automobiles had repairs, not which needed them. If the cars from the 1960s are probably in more need of repair, why have a greater percentage of 1970s cars received repairs? Maybe you tried to pre-phrase an answer. We’re dealing with percentages again, not raw numbers, so fewer older cars on the road wouldn’t make for a good answer. Maybe you considered the economics associated with repairs: If a car is worth $500, and engine repairs cost $1000, it probably doesn’t make much financial sense to get the car repaired. This is the idea that gets the point: If older cars are not worth the expense, and are scrapped instead of repaired, then the statistics described in the stimulus are understandable. (C) nicely clears up the
discrepancy.
(A) Inspection for emission levels probably would turn up more problems in older cars, which suggests that the older cars would have a greater percentage of repairs, so (A) only deepens the mystery.
(B) New cars are out of the scope based on the dates provided in the passage. Even if we considered the 1970s cars “new” (at least, newer than cars from the 1960s), this choice would, like choice (A), make the facts even less understandable.
(D) Whether or not simplified car engines result in fewer repairs is pretty shaky, but even if they did, (D) would also suggest that the sixties models would need more repairs.
(E) chastises those negligent 60’s car owners for not maintaining their cars, but it doesn’t mention 1970s cars, and thus does nothing to explain the discrepancy.
• When attempting to resolve a discrepancy, be wary of choices that further confound the odd result or finding found in the stimulus.
• When the discrepancy revolves around two groups or things (which is usually the case), quickly eliminate any choice that offers information on only one of them, like (E) here. A true resolution to such a discrepancy must be based on a fact that in some way relates to both groups.
When asked to explain a discrepancy in the stimulus, the first step is to locate the discrepancy. The unusual thing in the situation described is that a smaller percentage of the older cars had engine work done. One might think that a greater percentage of older cars would need repairs, but notice that the stimulus refers to which automobiles had repairs, not which needed them. If the cars from the 1960s are probably in more need of repair, why have a greater percentage of 1970s cars received repairs? Maybe you tried to pre-phrase an answer. We’re dealing with percentages again, not raw numbers, so fewer older cars on the road wouldn’t make for a good answer. Maybe you considered the economics associated with repairs: If a car is worth $500, and engine repairs cost $1000, it probably doesn’t make much financial sense to get the car repaired. This is the idea that gets the point: If older cars are not worth the expense, and are scrapped instead of repaired, then the statistics described in the stimulus are understandable. (C) nicely clears up the
discrepancy.
(A) Inspection for emission levels probably would turn up more problems in older cars, which suggests that the older cars would have a greater percentage of repairs, so (A) only deepens the mystery.
(B) New cars are out of the scope based on the dates provided in the passage. Even if we considered the 1970s cars “new” (at least, newer than cars from the 1960s), this choice would, like choice (A), make the facts even less understandable.
(D) Whether or not simplified car engines result in fewer repairs is pretty shaky, but even if they did, (D) would also suggest that the sixties models would need more repairs.
(E) chastises those negligent 60’s car owners for not maintaining their cars, but it doesn’t mention 1970s cars, and thus does nothing to explain the discrepancy.
• When attempting to resolve a discrepancy, be wary of choices that further confound the odd result or finding found in the stimulus.
• When the discrepancy revolves around two groups or things (which is usually the case), quickly eliminate any choice that offers information on only one of them, like (E) here. A true resolution to such a discrepancy must be based on a fact that in some way relates to both groups.
General Discussion
12 Dec 2017, 10:09
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broall
If answer choice (C) is true that the older a car is the more likely it is to discarded as scrap, then the figures make sense.
in 1990:
10% of cars made in the 1970's had major engine work.
5% of cars made in the 1960's had major engine work.
Why were older cars less likely to receive engine work? Well if older cars are more likely to be discarded, then if someone has a car that needs engine work, their chances of tossing it rather than fixing it are greater, if it's a car from the 1960's. I guess it's related to the notation that at some point it's just not worth it to keep spending money to fix these cars.
