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22 Jun 2026, 22:00
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7. According to the passage, during his lifetime Westinghouse was regarded as
The passage says that, during Edison’s and Westinghouse’s lifetimes and for decades afterward, the prevailing view was that both Edison and Westinghouse were “pioneer innovators” of the electrical industry. So Westinghouse was not ignored during his lifetime; he was treated as one of the major innovators alongside Edison.
(A) the archetype of the independent nineteenth-century inventor
This describes Edison in Hughes’s book, not Westinghouse.
(B) Edison’s equal as an innovator in the field of electric light and power
This is correct. The passage says that during their lifetimes, Edison and Westinghouse were viewed as the two “pioneer innovators” of the electrical industry. That supports the idea that Westinghouse was regarded as Edison’s peer in innovation.
(C) less innovative than Edison as an inventor but more astute as a businessman
This is not stated. The passage says they differed in their business approach, but it does not say Westinghouse was considered less innovative during his lifetime.
(D) more important as an innovator in the field of electric light and power than historians in the decades following his death considered him to be
This is incorrect. The passage says that for decades after their lifetimes, the prevailing view still treated Edison and Westinghouse as two pioneer innovators.
(E) less important as an innovator in the field of electric light and power than recent historians have portrayed him to be
This is the opposite of the passage. Recent historians have tended to neglect Westinghouse, not overstate his importance.
Answer: (B)
The passage says that, during Edison’s and Westinghouse’s lifetimes and for decades afterward, the prevailing view was that both Edison and Westinghouse were “pioneer innovators” of the electrical industry. So Westinghouse was not ignored during his lifetime; he was treated as one of the major innovators alongside Edison.
(A) the archetype of the independent nineteenth-century inventor
This describes Edison in Hughes’s book, not Westinghouse.
(B) Edison’s equal as an innovator in the field of electric light and power
This is correct. The passage says that during their lifetimes, Edison and Westinghouse were viewed as the two “pioneer innovators” of the electrical industry. That supports the idea that Westinghouse was regarded as Edison’s peer in innovation.
(C) less innovative than Edison as an inventor but more astute as a businessman
This is not stated. The passage says they differed in their business approach, but it does not say Westinghouse was considered less innovative during his lifetime.
(D) more important as an innovator in the field of electric light and power than historians in the decades following his death considered him to be
This is incorrect. The passage says that for decades after their lifetimes, the prevailing view still treated Edison and Westinghouse as two pioneer innovators.
(E) less important as an innovator in the field of electric light and power than recent historians have portrayed him to be
This is the opposite of the passage. Recent historians have tended to neglect Westinghouse, not overstate his importance.
Answer: (B)
26 Jun 2026, 08:50
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Hi WildSnow,
Good instinct to test D against the text, because it sounds like a fair inference. The catch is a small parenthetical that flips it.
Look again at the key sentence:
"...it marks an intriguing departure from the prevailing view during the inventors' lifetimes (and for decades afterward) of Edison and Westinghouse as the two 'pioneer innovators' of the electrical industry."
The phrase doing the damage is "(and for decades afterward)." The high regard for Westinghouse - seeing him as a pioneer innovator on par with Edison - didn't stop when he died. It continued for decades afterward. The shift to neglecting him only shows up with recent historians.
Now read D carefully:
(D) more important... than historians in the decades following his death considered him to be
This claims that historians right after his death already saw him as less important. But the passage says the opposite: those decades-after historians still held the high "pioneer innovator" view. So D contradicts the text - it's reversed, not supported.
That's also why B is clean. The question asks how Westinghouse was regarded during his lifetime, and the passage puts him alongside Edison as one of the two pioneer innovators - i.e., Edison's equal in electric light and power.
A quick way to feel the trap: imagine a sentence like "She was admired as a great athlete during her career (and for years afterward)." Could you safely conclude that people a few years later admired her less? No - the line tells you they kept admiring her. D asks you to draw exactly that unsupported conclusion.
Keep an eye on those tucked-in time phrases - they often decide the question.
Answer: B
Good instinct to test D against the text, because it sounds like a fair inference. The catch is a small parenthetical that flips it.
Look again at the key sentence:
"...it marks an intriguing departure from the prevailing view during the inventors' lifetimes (and for decades afterward) of Edison and Westinghouse as the two 'pioneer innovators' of the electrical industry."
The phrase doing the damage is "(and for decades afterward)." The high regard for Westinghouse - seeing him as a pioneer innovator on par with Edison - didn't stop when he died. It continued for decades afterward. The shift to neglecting him only shows up with recent historians.
Now read D carefully:
(D) more important... than historians in the decades following his death considered him to be
This claims that historians right after his death already saw him as less important. But the passage says the opposite: those decades-after historians still held the high "pioneer innovator" view. So D contradicts the text - it's reversed, not supported.
That's also why B is clean. The question asks how Westinghouse was regarded during his lifetime, and the passage puts him alongside Edison as one of the two pioneer innovators - i.e., Edison's equal in electric light and power.
A quick way to feel the trap: imagine a sentence like "She was admired as a great athlete during her career (and for years afterward)." Could you safely conclude that people a few years later admired her less? No - the line tells you they kept admiring her. D asks you to draw exactly that unsupported conclusion.
Keep an eye on those tucked-in time phrases - they often decide the question.
Answer: B
WildSnow
