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28 Feb 2009, 12:46
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Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
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In his first message to Congress, Harry Truman said, “The responsibility
of the United States is to serve and not dominate the world.”
Which of the following is one basic assumption underlying Truman’s
statement?
A. The United States is capable of dominating the world.
B. The United States chooses to serve rather than dominate the world.
C. World domination is a virtue.
D. One must be decisive when facing a legislative body for the first time.
E. The United States, preceding Truman’s administration, had been
irresponsible.
source:CliffsTestPrep-GMAT Book-8th edition
How to attack these Assumption Qs with negation?pls show .No IMO pls
+++++++++++++++
Brief note from the LSAT pdf on
The Difference Between Strengthen, Justify the Conclusion, and
Assumption Questions
+++++++++++++++++++
Strengthen questions ask you to support the argument in any way
possible. This type of answer has great range, as the additional support
provided by the answer choice could be relatively minor or major.
Speaking in numerical terms, any answer choice that strengthens the
argument, whether by 1% or by 100%, is correct.
Justify the Conclusion questions ask you to strengthen the argument so
powerfully that the conclusion is made logical. Compared to a
Strengthen question, the answer to a Justify question must strengthen the
conclusion so it is 100% proven; anything less and the answer choice is
incorrect. Logically speaking, the correct answer to a Justify the
Conclusion question is sufficient to prove the conclusion when added to
the premises.
Assumption questions ask you to identify a statement that the argument
assumes or supposes. An assumption is simply an unstated premise—
what must be true in order for the argument to be true. An assumption
can therefore be defined as what is necessary for the argument to be
true.
____________________
of the United States is to serve and not dominate the world.”
Which of the following is one basic assumption underlying Truman’s
statement?
A. The United States is capable of dominating the world.
B. The United States chooses to serve rather than dominate the world.
C. World domination is a virtue.
D. One must be decisive when facing a legislative body for the first time.
E. The United States, preceding Truman’s administration, had been
irresponsible.
source:CliffsTestPrep-GMAT Book-8th edition
How to attack these Assumption Qs with negation?pls show .No IMO pls
+++++++++++++++
Brief note from the LSAT pdf on
The Difference Between Strengthen, Justify the Conclusion, and
Assumption Questions
+++++++++++++++++++
Strengthen questions ask you to support the argument in any way
possible. This type of answer has great range, as the additional support
provided by the answer choice could be relatively minor or major.
Speaking in numerical terms, any answer choice that strengthens the
argument, whether by 1% or by 100%, is correct.
Justify the Conclusion questions ask you to strengthen the argument so
powerfully that the conclusion is made logical. Compared to a
Strengthen question, the answer to a Justify question must strengthen the
conclusion so it is 100% proven; anything less and the answer choice is
incorrect. Logically speaking, the correct answer to a Justify the
Conclusion question is sufficient to prove the conclusion when added to
the premises.
Assumption questions ask you to identify a statement that the argument
assumes or supposes. An assumption is simply an unstated premise—
what must be true in order for the argument to be true. An assumption
can therefore be defined as what is necessary for the argument to be
true.
____________________
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28 Feb 2009, 12:55
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Hi nitya34,
AFAIK, we don't have the second type (Justify the Conclusion) on GMAT. Isn't it?
Anyways, these are good points to keep in mind.
Regards,
Technext
AFAIK, we don't have the second type (Justify the Conclusion) on GMAT. Isn't it?
Anyways, these are good points to keep in mind.
Regards,
Technext
28 Feb 2009, 14:39
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nitya34
Hi nitya34,
I forgot reading the question during my earlier reply.
Explanation:
---------------------------------------
A). The United States is capable of dominating the world. ---> We will negate this statement to verify whether the original statement is an assumption or not.
Negation of option A: The United States is not capable of dominating the world.
If the above statement holds true, do you think Truman would have delivered his statement? No! He definitely wouldn't have said so.
Consider an example:
Shop owner to worker X: Your responsibility is to cook in the kitchen and not to serve tea to the customers.
You can infer that shop owner is warning/cautioning worker X. Why? Because the shop owner feels that worker X is serving tea, which is not his responsibility; the worker should actually cook in the kitchen.
Analogy to option A is as stated under:
Worker X loves serving tea to the customers. ( Don't you think that this is what the shop owner feels about worker X's interest? This is the assumption.)
Negation of above statement: Worker X hates serving tea to the customers. (If this is true, why would shop owner warn him? Here I am making an assumption that the shop owner is mentally fit & fine.)
B). The United States chooses to serve rather than dominate the world. ---> Had this been the case, why would Truman say the above statement. From Truman's statement, it's clear that United States thinks otherwise i.e., United States wants to dominate the world and not to serve it. By his statement, Truman is trying to remind/caution United States about its responsibility.
C). World domination is a virtue. ---> This is just not relevant. It doesn't say anything about what opinion Unites States holds.
D). One must be decisive when facing a legislative body for the first time. ---> This option is irrelevant too for the reason stated in option C.
E). The United States, preceding Truman’s administration, had been irresponsible. ---> This is a vague statement. What was United States irresponsible for earlier? Just because the excerpt focuses on the serve/domination issue doesn't mean that we'll assume the same here (in the statement mentioned in option E) for the word irresponsible. So, discard this option.
---------------------------------------
So, the answer should be option A.
Don't try using negation for every option. First eliminate all those that are a clear no-no. Then try using negation technique for the close ones otherwise you'll end up wasting too much of your valuable time.
Hope that helps.
Regards,
Technext
P.S.: Though I've not mentioned it, everything above is IMO. I avoided writing IMOs because the author already warned (this can be safely inferred from the author's statement. Please refer the following lines: ...No IMO pls...) not to use them.
