In one week a construction worker worked more than 40 hours, and was paid two times his regular hourly rate for every hour worked in excess of 40 hours. If he earned $780, how many hours did he work in that week? (1) If he had worked 6 more hours that week, his earnings would have been $960. Since we already know that the constructor worked more than 40 hours that week, then for these 6 more hours he would have been paid two times his regular hourly rate. Thus $960-$780=$180 represent salary for 6 hours of work paid at double rate: {overtime rate} = $180/6=$30 and {regular rate} = $15. Next, 40*15+x*30=$780 --> x=6. Therefor he worked 40+6=46 hours that week. Sufficient.
(2) If he had worked 20 fewer hours that week, his earnings would have been $390 less that week. If that week the constructor worked for 60 hours, then all $390 represent salary for 20 hours of overtime, but if that week the constructor worked for 50 hours, then $390 represent salary for 10 hours of regular work and 10 hours of overtime. Not sufficient.
Answer: A.
Hope it's clear.