Bunuel
In order to reduce classroom overcrowding while maintaining academic standards, Omega High School last year tested an online physics course with twenty volunteers from the senior class. Although they met with the teacher once a week for lab work, the students attended all lectures and did all their homework via remote computer. All of the students in the online physics course easily passed the statewide physics exam at the end of the school year. Administrators at the high school concluded from this test that all students can learn effectively outside the classroom and decided that Omega High School should offer all of its science courses online.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
A. The science classrooms currently in use are bigger than the classrooms used for other subjects.
B. The students who took the online physics course had access to the same science library reference materials as the physics students who did not take the class online.
C. Omega High School has received a grant to purchase new computers for the next school year.
D. The students who enrolled in the online physics course were more self-motivated than most students and were high achievers in the top ten percentile of their class.
E. There are excellent computer programs for teaching high school earth science, biology and chemistry.
Official Explanation
Answer D - This is a weaken question. The conclusion is that all students can learn effectively outside the classroom. The evidence is that one physics class was offered online and the twenty students who took the class easily passed the statewide exam. The central assumption is that these students are representative of the student population at large, so that what worked for them would work for all students.
Choice (D) contradicts that assumption because it states that the online physics students were more self-motivated and higher achievers than most students. Therefore, they were not representative of the student body.
Choice (A) does not address the assumption that the students were representative. Furthermore, this would, if anything, strengthen the recommendation because if (A) were true, more space would be freed up by offering science classes online than offering other subjects online.
Choice (B) is out of scope. Whether or not the students had access to the library or other materials does not affect whether the program should be expanded.
Choice (C) is another out-of-scope answer. This could either help the proposal, by increasing student access to online resources or weaken it if the computers are placed in classrooms for use in a teacher-led class.
Choice (E) would strengthen the stimulus by making it more likely that a department-wide online science curriculum would work.