In the graph, each circle represents an individual star. The position of the circle’s center indicates the star’s temperature in kelvins (K) and its luminosity (rate of energy emission) relative to that of the sun (Lsun). Note that higher temperatures are to the left. The size of the circle indicates the relative physical size of the star, and the labels indicate the types of stars shown.
Select from each of the drop-down menus the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information provided.
Among the giants and supergiants, the __________ are the least luminous.Luminosity increases from the bottom to the top of the left axis of the graph. So, the stars that are "the least luminous" will be those lowest on the graph.
Among the blue giants, red giants, and red supergiants, the ones lowest on the graph are the red giants.
So, the least luminous of the choices in the dropdown are the red giants.
Select
red giants.
The most luminous main sequence star is about __________ times as luminous as the least luminous main sequence star.Scanning the graph for "main sequence" stars we see them represented by symbols running from the top left to the bottom right.
Luminosity increases from the bottom to the top of the left axis of the graph. So, the most luminous main sequences star will be the one highest on the graph, and the least luminous will be the one lowest on the graph.
Luminosity value for most luminous main sequence star: \(10^4\)
Luminosity value for least luminous main sequence star: \(10^{-4}\)
\(\frac{10^4}{ 10^{-4}} = 10 ^8 = 100,000,000\)
Choose
100,000,000.
Correct answer: red giants,
100,000,000