In the United States, it is illegal to conduct a Ponzi scheme, a fraud

Correct Answer: (E)
Reasoning:The argument suggests that a Ponzi scheme could theoretically continue indefinitely, ensuring that everyone involved makes money. However, this reasoning is flawed because a Ponzi scheme requires a constant influx of new investors to pay returns to earlier investors. If the scheme relies on exponential growth, it will inevitably collapse when it can no longer recruit enough new investors. This means that the scheme is unsustainable and that many people (especially later investors) will lose money.

Thus, option (E) most directly weakens the logic of the plan by highlighting its fundamental flaw—its dependence on infinite exponential growth, which is impossible.

Eliminating Other Options:
(A) A successful Ponzi scheme combines a fake yet seemingly credible business with a formula that is profitable and simple to understand.
❌ Incorrect: This explains how a Ponzi scheme operates but does not address the argument’s flaw. The argument is not about how Ponzi schemes gain credibility but rather whether they can continue indefinitely without harm.

(B) To enhance credibility, most such scams will provide fake referrals, testimonials, and information.
❌ Incorrect: This describes a deceptive tactic used in Ponzi schemes, but it does not weaken the argument's logic about the potential for infinite profit.

(C) The hallmark of these schemes is the promise of sky-high returns in a short period of time for doing nothing other than handing over money and getting others to do the same.
❌ Incorrect: This statement describes a characteristic of Ponzi schemes but does not explain why they will eventually fail, which is the key weakness of the argument.

(D) Investors are often encouraged to invest more money into the scheme and to publicize the “great investment program” to their friends and families.
❌ Incorrect: While this explains how Ponzi schemes spread, it does not directly refute the idea that they can continue indefinitely.