Influenza is spread by infected individuals when they work in closed quarters with other people.
A new medication suppresses symptoms. So, people won't show any symptom but still have the disease and spread So, this would instead increase the number of cases because people would have suppresses the symptoms, but people would still be working in closed quarters and hence infect them. Thus , increasing number of cases.
We need to challenge the prediction that the medication will increase the number of cases. We need to find something to argue that cases won't increase.
Let go by options:
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(A) Coughing, a symptom of influenza that the new medication suppresses, is a primary mechanism in the spread of this illness.
Okay, So if medication suppresses coughing, which is primary mechanism, influenza can no longer spread, so cases won't increase. It gives solid reasons. Let's keep it.
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(B) Some medications that are used to suppress symptoms of influenza are also used by many people to treat symptoms that are caused not by influenza but by other illnesses.
Even if some/all medications are used to suppress some symptoms, we cannot refute cases won't increase. All we know is the fact that medication is suppressing some symptoms but still while in closed quarters they may spread. This one is not helping.
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(C) Many workers who now remain at home when infected with influenza do so because the symptoms of influenza prevent them from performing their jobs effectively.
This is giving alternate reasoning for why people stay home. Also, it is indicating 'many' workers, not all. So, some might still be going to office while affected and spread the disease and increase the number of cases.
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(D) Most adults who are immunized against influenza in order to avoid being infected are over 65 years old and retired and thus do not work outside the home.
This is telling us something about 'most' not 'all' adults over 65 immunized against influenza. But, again, there still might be people from the same group who are not immunized or people from different age groups who can still aid in spreading and thus increasing the number of cases.
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(E) Symptoms of an illness are often the body's means of curing itself of the illness, and therefore suppression of symptoms can prolong the illness that causes them.
This option seems quite utopian. But we need to stick if it can help attack our conclusion.
Suppression of symptoms i.e use of medication can prolong the illness. But still people are going to office and sit in close quarters and increase the cases. We don't get any concrete points from this option. Let's move on from this.
A seems to be right on point helping to counter the conclusion.