Step 1 of solving this GMAT DS question: Understand the Question Stem
What kind of an answer will the question fetch?
The question is an "Is" question. Answer to an "is" question is either YES or NO.
When is the data sufficient?
The data is sufficient if we are able to get a DEFINITE YES or a DEFINITE NO from the information given in the statements.
If the answer is MAYBE or DONOT KNOW, the data is NOT sufficient.
When is the answer YES and when is it NO?
If xy < 0, the answer is YES. If xy ≥ 0, the answer is NO.
Note: If xy = 0, the answer is NO.
Step 2 of solving this GMAT DS question :
Evaluate Statement (1) ALONE: 5|x| + |y| = 0
Modulus of any real number will always be non-negative.
So, if 5|x| + |y| = 0, then the only possibility is that x = 0 and y = 0.
Therefore, xy = 0.
Or xy is not negative.
The answer is a DEFINITE NO.
Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient.
Eliminate choices B, C and E. Choices narrow down to A or D.
Step 3 of solving this GMAT DS question :
Evaluate Statement (2) ALONE: |x| + 5|y| = 0
Modulus of any real number will always be non-negative.
So, if |x| + 5|y| = 0, then the only possibility is that x = 0 and y = 0.
Therefore, xy = 0.
Or xy is not negative.
The answer is a DEFINITE NO.
Statement 2 ALONE is also sufficient.
Eliminate choice A.
Each statement is INDEPENDENTLY sufficient. Choice D is the answer.
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