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John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on critically important areas like monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy.
(A) macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on critically important areas like monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating
(B) macroeconomics and influenced public opinion on critically important areas such as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating
(C) macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on such critically important areas as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating
(D) macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on such critically important areas that monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment advocated
(E) macroeconomics, influencing public opinion on such critically important areas as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating
(A) John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on critically important areas like monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy. - "like" is used to draw comparisons. Here, "like" is used to provide examples. Hence, we can discard this answer choice
(B) John Maynard Keynes,
the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern macroeconomics and influenced public opinion on critically important areas such as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy. - By excluding the modifier, we see that the rest of the sentence does not make any sense. Hence, we can discard this answer choice
(C) John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on such critically important areas as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy. - This answer choice correctly uses "such ... as" to cite examples. Sometimes, people usually discard answer choices similar to this because 'they don't sound good'. This is because we are used to hearing "such as...". However, "such ... as ..." is absolutely correct usage.
In scenarios like this, shift "such" and place it near "as" and see if the rest of the sentence makes any sense!. In this example, this would be - John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on critically important areas such as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy.
(D) John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influenced public opinion on such critically important areas that monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment advocated a mixed economy. - "Such... that..." is incorrect idiom to be used here. "Such... that..." is used for providing a reason, whereas "such... as...." is used to provide examples.
(E) John Maynard Keynes, the British economist whose ideas shaped the theory and practice of modern
macroeconomics, influencing public opinion on such critically important areas as monetary policy of the central bank and relative merits of public vs. private investment, thereby advocating a mixed economy. - ", + Ving" (, influencing) indicates the cause-effect relationship between the sentence before the comma and the sentence after the comma. This is not the scenario here. Hence, the answer choice is incorrect.