Logical Prediction is Illogical!

Question

Hey, can anyone offer me some help on logical predictions and local considerationsin parellelsism on SC. See #46 and #36 on the diagnostic test from OG12. I keep getting these wrong and seem to have trouble identifying them. I'm not sure I understand the rule?

DestinyChild · Answer

cccmom,

care to put the question on the forum or search the key words you may be surprised the question is already on this forum for answers...

cccmom · Answer

I am a new to the forum and appreciate the feedback. Here is one of the questions -
 
New data from Unites States Forest Service ecologists show that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, it saves seven dollars that would not be spent on having to extinguish big fires. 
see underlined portion above
 (B) that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, seven dollars are saved that would have been spent on extinguishing
 (C) that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish 
 (D) for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, that it saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish
 (E) tor every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, that seven dollars are saved that would not have been spent on extinguishing
First of all the correct answer is B. I am confused, because "the training" is not parallel in any of the answer choices. I also do not understand what logical predication is and how it affects this problem. 
Thanks,
CCCMom

mikeCoolBoy · Answer

New data from Unites States Forest Service ecologists show  that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, it saves seven dollars that would not be spent on having to extinguish  big fires.

see underlined portion above
(B) that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, seven dollars are saved that would have been spent on extinguishing
(C) that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish 
(D) for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, that it saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish
(E) for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, that seven dollars are saved that would not have been spent on extinguishing

The elements that you have on the list controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel are complex gerunds.

From what I've seen, complex gerunds take two forms

article + -ing + of prepositions ---> the training of fire-management personnel
noun + ing -----> forest thinning

Memorized that this forms are parallel to each other. Complex gerunds are also parallel to action nouns such as a rise, the withdrawal, the removal ...

the trick here is to eliminate modifiers to extract the ing forms

controlled small-scale  burning,  forest  thinning, and  the  training  of fire-management personnel

you have burning, thinning, and training that are parallel

Look at this other sentence that deals with the same problem and try to solve it

Possible long-term consequences of the “greenhouse effect,” the gradual warming of the Earth’s climate,  may include melting the polar ice caps and a rising sea level .

A. may include melting the polar ice caps and a rising sea level
B. may include the melting of polar ice caps and the rising sea level
C. may include polar ice caps that are melting and sea levels that are rising
D. include melting the polar ice caps and sea levels that are rising
E. include melting of the polar ice caps and a rise in sea level

Logical Prediction is Illogical!

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