1. According to Haberman, a teacher’s effectiveness can be compromised by
I. insufficient attention to order and discipline
II. insufficient knowledge of the material being taught
III. personal bias
To solve this question, focus on the following lines in the passage:
"He(Haberman) focuses the brunt of his criticism on teachers who have been insufficiently trained for the realities of the modern school environment and whose prejudices, lack of deep content knowledge, and excessive focus on order and discipline profoundly limit their effectiveness."
I. can not be part of the answer, as the excessive focus to order and discipline limited teachers' effectiveness.
II. insufficient knowledge of the material being taught - part of the answer, as 'lack of deep content knowledge',mentioned in the passage, limited teachers' effectiveness.
III. personal bias - part of the answer, as 'whose prejudices', mentioned in the passage, limited teachers' effectiveness.
Therefore, answer is ->
D. II and III Only2. In the last line of the passage, the word exceptions is in quotes to make the point that
(A) the idea of “exceptions” is crucial to effective education
(B) the quote is taken verbatim from a teacher
(C) students who perform academically well are an aberration, not the reverse
(D) certain teachers inappropriately consider “non-white, immigrant, or non-English-speaking children” as other than the norm
(E) teachers versed in the principles and theories of child and adolescent development developed to explain the middle-class experience are actually the norm.
To solve this question, focus on the following lines in the passage:
'Haberman writes, that everyone else in public schools, including non-white, immigrant, or non-English-speaking children, are considered somehow anomalies, thus leading to the absurd situation in which a teacher completes teacher training and is put in front of a class of students she considers to be made entirely of “exceptions.”'
Here, “exceptions” clearly refer to the class of children who are considered anomalies. So, select an answer that contains such children or description of such children.
Only D, qualifies the above reasoning.
Therefore, D is the answer.Sajjad1994