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Bunuel
Mice treated with certain statins intended to decrease blood pressure also experienced drug-induced toxic myopathy, also known as muscular degeneration. Scientists hypothesize that this may have occurred because the statins cause an over-activation of creatine kinases, which are known to cause muscular degeneration.

Which of the following experiments would yield the most useful results for analyzing the scientists’ hypothesis?

A. Administering statins to mice with increased creatine kinase activity and observing creatine kinase activity.

B. Injecting mice with a creatine kinase inhibitor before administering the statins and then monitoring muscle tissue response.

C. Injecting mice with creatine kinase inhibitors and then monitoring muscle tissue response.

D. Injecting mice with muscle repair medication and then monitoring levels of muscular response.

E. Measuring mice’s level of muscular myopathy, administering a creatine kinase inhibitor, and then measuring myopathy once more


This is a CR Butler Question



VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL SOLUTION:



When you are asked to determine which experiment would yield useful results for analyzing a particular problem, recognize that this means that you are dealing with a (slightly less obvious) Useful to Evaluate problem. With any Useful to Evaluate problem, remember that you first want to look at the stimulus itself to figure out what the scientists or analysts are trying to determine. Then look for the gap - what piece of information is missing that could potentially either prove their hypothesis or disprove it?

The stimulus states that mice treated with statins experienced drug-induced muscular degeneration and that the scientists think this might have been cause by the statins over-activating something called creatine kinase (which is known to cause muscular degeneration). Notice that the hypothesis has to do with cause and effect: statins cause an over-activation of creatine kinase, which causes muscular degeneration. But what if the statins directly caused the degeneration instead of causing that intermediate step? Choice (B) is the only option that accounts for this possibility. By first administering a creatine kinase blocker, scientists can ensure that the effect is caused because the statins activate the creatine kinase rather than because the statins directly damage muscles. Choice (B) is therefore correct.

Among the other answers, choices (A) and (D) can be eliminated because they don't mention creatine kinase at all. Choice (C) can be eliminated because it doesn't mention the administering the statin. Since you're looking for the mechanism by which the statin causes muscular degeneration. Choice (E) can be eliminated because it's already known that creatine kinase can cause muscular myopathy - you don't need to establish that again, so (E) can be eliminated.
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