OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
Ospreys, as most birds of prey, hunt for their prey while in flight, although it is uncertain whether the height that they hover at differs according to species.
(A) Ospreys, as most birds of prey, hunt for their prey while in flight although it is uncertain whether the height that they hover at differs according to species
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. A comparative section beginning with as should always include a conjugated verb. The comparative section in this answer choice (as most birds of prey), however, does not include a verb.
What helps us identify this question as a Comparative question as well as the mistake is the following Stop Sign: Like, unlike, than, as(B) Ospreys hunt for their prey while in flight, as most birds of prey do, although it is uncertain if the height that they hover at differs according to species
Although this answer choice corrects the original Comparative error by adding a verb (do) to the As section, in the GMAT, If is used in Conditionals only. If you see if in a sentence and there's no condition, you should replace if with whether.
Think of whether as a choice between two possibilities dealing with the same subject or as a yes/no question.
Example: I do not know whether this will work. (yes or no)
He was not sure whether he wanted banana or chocolate cake. (a choice between 2 possibilities)
(C) As most birds of prey do, Ospreys hunt for their prey while in flight although it is uncertain whether the height that they hover at differs according to species
This answer choice corrects the original Comparative error by adding a verb (do) to the As section.(D) As most birds of prey, Ospreys hunt for their prey while in flight although it is uncertain whether the height that they hover at differs according to species
This answer choice is grammatically incorrect and repeats the original Comparative error. A comparative section beginning with as should always include a conjugated verb. The comparative section in this answer choice (As most birds of prey), however, does not include a verb.
What helps us identify this question as a Comparative question as well as the mistake is the following Stop Sign: Like, unlike, than, as(E) As most birds of prey do, Ospreys hunt for their prey while in flight although it is uncertain whether the height that they hover at differs according to species or not
Although this answer choice corrects the original Comparative error by adding a verb (do) to the As section, in the GMAT, the addition of the phrase or not at any point after the word whether is considered redundant.