Physician: We are constantly bombarded by warnings, based on initial studies' tentative conclusions, about this or that food having adverse health effects. If the medical establishment wants people to pay attention to health warnings, it should announce only conclusive results, the kind that can come only from definitive studies. After all, people who are constantly subjected to fire drills eventually come to ignore the fire alarm.
The statement that people who are constantly subjected to fire drills eventually come to ignore the fire alarm plays which one of the following roles in the physician's argument?The physician argues that too many tentative health warnings may cause people to ignore health warnings altogether.
The fire-drill statement is used as an analogy: just as repeated fire drills can make people ignore real alarms, repeated tentative health warnings can make people ignore
serious health warnings.
(A) It is presented as an example of the sort of warning referred to in the argument's overall conclusion.
This is incorrect. Fire drills are not health warnings from the medical establishment. They are used as a comparison.
(B) It is a statement that plays no logical role in the argument but that instead serves to impugn the motives of the medical establishment.
This is incorrect. The statement does play a logical role: it supports the conclusion by analogy. It does not attack the motives of the medical establishment.
(C) It is an analogy offered in support of the argument's overall conclusion.
This is correct. The physician uses the fire-drill situation to support the claim that repeated tentative warnings may make people stop paying attention.
(D) It is an analogy that forms part of a specific objection to the argument's overall conclusion.
This is incorrect. The analogy supports the conclusion; it is not an objection to it.
(E) It is an analogy offered to clarify the distinction the physician makes between an initial study and a definitive study.
This is incorrect. The analogy is not about the difference between initial and definitive studies. It is about how people react to repeated warnings.
Answer: (C)