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Que: John purchased 3,000 bolts for $30 each. He sold 1,800 bolts for $20 each in the first week and sold the rest for $40 each in the second week. What was his total profit from sales?

A. $6,000
B. $18,000
C. $25,000
D. $28,000
E. $30,000


Solution: We have to find the total profit from the sale of 3,000 bolts

Revenues = Total sales; Cost = Purchases

Total cost of 3,000 bolts = 3,000 * 30 = $90,000

Revenue = 1,800 * 20 + 1,200 * 40 = 36,000 + 48,000 = $84,000

=> ∴ Profit = $90,000 - $84,000 = $6,000

Therefore, A is the correct answer.

Answer A
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Que: If x and y are different prime numbers greater than 30 but less than 40, what is the value of x + y?

A. 31
B. 37
C. 45
D. 52
E. 68
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Que: If n is positive integers, what is the unit digit of \((3^{4n+1})(4^{19})\)?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 6
E. 8
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Que: If x and y are different prime numbers greater than 30 but less than 40, what is the value of x + y?

A. 31
B. 37
C. 45
D. 52
E. 68

Solution: Prime number: An integer that has two positive factors = only 1 and itself => ex) 2, 3, 5, 7…

We have to find the value of x + y

If x and y are different prime numbers greater than 30 but less than 40

Prime numbers between 30 and 40: 31 and 37 => ∴ x + y = 31 + 37 = 68

Therefore, E is the correct answer.

Answer E
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Que: If n is positive integers, what is the unit digit of \((3^{4n+1})(4^{19})\)?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 6
E. 8

Solution: Powers that repeat every 4th power:

Ex) Units digit: The digit 3 repeats after every fourth power

=> \(3^1= ~3, ~3^2= ~9, ~3^3 = ~7, ~3^4= ~1, ~3^5= ~3, ... \)

=> Pattern: 3, 9, 7, 1, 3, 9, 7, 1 ….

Ex) Units digit: The digit 4 repeats after every second power

=> \(~4^1 = ~4, ~4^2 = ~6, ~4^3 = ~4, ... \)

=> Pattern: 4, 6, 4, 6…

We have to find the units digit of (34n+1)(419) if n is positive integers

=> \((3^{4n+1})(4^{19})\)
=> \((3^4 )^n * 3^1 *(~4)\)
=> \((81)^n* 3^1 *(~4) =(~1)* 3^1 *(~4) =(~2)\)

Therefore, B is the correct answer.

Answer B
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Que: How many different prime factors of \(3^5 + 3^6 + 3^7\) are there?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6
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Que: Mandy sold 720 apples in 15 days. If the number of apples she sold increased by 5 each day, how many apples did she sell on the 8th day?

A. 8
B. 51
C. 43
D. 35
E. 53


Solution: We have to find the number of apples did Mandy sell on \(8^{th}\) day.

Given: Mandy sold 720 apples in 15 days and the number of apples she sold increased by 5 each day

1st day: x
2nd day: x + 5
3rd day: x + 5 + 5 = x + 2*5 .
.
.
15th day: x + 14*5


=> x + (x + 5) + (x + 2*5) + ….+(x + 14*5) = 720

=> 15x + 5 + 2*5 + …..+ 14*5 = 720

=> 15x + 5( 1 + 2 + …. + 15) = 720

=> 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +…..+ n = \(\frac{n(n+1) }{2}\)

=> 15x + 5 * \(\frac{(15 * 16)}{2}\) = 720

=> 15x + 600 = 720

=> 15x = 120

=> x = 8

=> ∴ \(8^{th}\) day = x + 7*5 = 8 + 35 = 43

Therefore, C is the correct answer.

Answer C

Could you please help me know whether there is some issue in the highlighted line, The terms that remain after taking 5 common are 14 not 15 ???
Please help to clarify
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Que: How many different prime factors of \(3^5 + 3^6 + 3^7\) are there?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6


Solution: Factors of M are the integers dividing M without a remainder => If M=ab (a and b are positive integers) => a and b are factors of M => When M is expressed as a product of its prime factors only

=> We have prime factorized M =>If we prime factorize a positive integer M => M= \(p_1^{t_1} *p_2^{t_2}*...…*p_n^{t_n}\)

=> \(p_i\) : Different prime factors and \(t_i\) : Positive integers and the exponents of different prime factors, where i = 1,2,….,n

=> number of prime factors = n

We have to find the number of different factors of \(3^5 + 3^6 + 3^7\)

=> \(3^5 + 3^6 + 3^7 = 3^5 + 3^5 * 3^1 + 3^5 * 3^2\)

=> \(3^5 (1 + 3^1 + 3^2)\)

=> \(3^5 (1 + 3 + 9)\)

=> \(3^5 * 13\)

=> ∴ Prime factors 3 and 13

=> ∴ Number of prime factors =2

Therefore, A is the correct answer.

Answer A
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Que : If n is an even integer, which of the following MUST BE an integer?

I. \(\frac{(n^2 - 1) }{ 2}\) II. \(\frac{(n - 1) }{ 2}\) III. \(\frac{n }{ 2}\)

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I & III only
E. I, II, & III
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Que : If n is an even integer, which of the following MUST BE an integer?

I. \(\frac{(n^2 - 1) }{ 2}\) II. \(\frac{(n - 1) }{ 2}\) III. \(\frac{n }{ 2}\)

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I & III only
E. I, II, & III


Solution: Multi-Choice questions: ‘Must be’ VS ‘Could be’

We have to find the options that must be true

‘MUST BE’: Choose only the options that are absolutely true in ALL cases

=> ‘n’ is an even integer, Always an integer

=> n=even=2m (m is always an integer)

Option I: \(\frac{(n^2 -1)}{ 2}\) = \(\frac{[(2m)^2 – 1]}{ 2}\) = \(\frac{[4m^2-1]}{2}\) = \(2m^2 – 0.5\) => NOT AN INTEGER ∴ Option is not TRUE

Option II: \(\frac{(n - 1)}{2}\) = \(\frac{(2m – 1)}{ 2}\) = m – 0.5=> NOT AN INTEGER ∴ Option is not TRUE

Option III: \(\frac{n}{2}\) = \(\frac{2m}{2}\) = m => INTEGER ∴ Option is always TRUE

Only option III is TRUE.

Therefore, C is the correct answer.

Answer C
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Que: If the sum of 5 consecutive integers is 0, what is the greatest of the 5 integers?

A. -2
B. -1
C. 0
D. 1
E. 2
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Que: If the sum of 5 consecutive integers is 0, what is the greatest of the 5 integers?

A. -2
B. -1
C. 0
D. 1
E. 2

Solution: Consecutive integers: Integers that are placed next to each other on number line => …, n-2, n-1, n, n+1, n+2, …

We have to find the greatest integer of 5 consecutive integers if their sum is 0

5 consecutive integers: n-2, n-1, n, n+1, n+2

=> (n-2)+(n-1)+n+(n+1)+(n+2)=0

=> 5n=0 = n=0

=> ∴ The greatest of the 5 consecutive integers: n+2=0+2=2

Therefore, E is the correct answer.

Answer E
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Que: The number of cars this year decreased by 20% compared to last year. The number of mobiles this year has increased by 30% compared to last year. If the total number of cars and mobiles this year increased by 10% compared to last year, what was the ratio of the number of cars to the number of mobiles last year?

A. 1:2
B. 3:2
C. 2:3
D. 4:5
E. 5:4
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Que: The number of cars this year decreased by 20% compared to last year. The number of mobiles this year has increased by 30% compared to last year. If the total number of cars and mobiles this year increased by 10% compared to last year, what was the ratio of the number of cars to the number of mobiles last year?

A. 1:2
B. 3:2
C. 2:3
D. 4:5
E. 5:4


Solution: Now let's solve this PS question using IVY Approach.

IVY Approach => IVY Approach 3-2: 100c = Cars; 100m= Mobiles

=> Percentage question =>100 => c = cars ; m = mobiles

=> This year cars = 80% of 100c = 80c (∵ 20% decrease)

=> This year mobiles = 130% of 100m = 130m (∵ 30% increase)

Total Vehicles this year: 110% of(100c + 100m) = 110c + 110m (∵ 10% increase)

=> 80c + 130m = 110c + 110m

=> 130m – 110m = 110c – 80c

=> 20m = 30c

=> \(c = \frac{2}{3} m\)

=> \(∴ 100c : 100m =c:m=\frac{2}{3} m: m = 2 :3 \)

Therefore, C is the correct answer.

Answer C
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Que: Approximately how many seconds will it take for a car with a constant rate of 75 miles per hour to travel a distance of 1,050 feet? (1 mile = 5,280 feet)

A. 9.5 sec
B. 9 sec
C. 10.2 sec
D. 12 sec
E. 15 sec
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Que: Approximately how many seconds will it take for a car with a constant rate of 75 miles per hour to travel a distance of 1,050 feet? (1 mile = 5,280 feet)

A. 9.5 sec
B. 9 sec
C. 10.2 sec
D. 12 sec
E. 15 sec


Solution: We have to find the number of seconds a car will take to travel 1,050 feet

=> Rate of car is 75mph and 1 mile=5,280 feet

Two units: Miles and Hour = Feet and seconds = 75 * 5,280 : 60 min

=> 75 * 5,280 : 60 * 60 secs

=> 75 * 5,280 : 60 * 60 secs = 1,050 feet : x sec

2nd Property of Ratios: If A : B = C : D, then AD = BC

=> x secs * 75 * 5,280 feet = 60 * 60 secs * 1,050 feet

=> x = \(\frac{(60 * 60 * 1,050) }{ (75 * 5280)}\) = 9.5 seconds

Therefore, A is the correct answer.

Answer A
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Que: Mandy sold 600 apples in 10 days. If the number of apples she sold increased by 4 each day, how many apples did she sell on the \(10^{th}\) day?

A. 36
B. 42
C. 60
D. 78
E. 100
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