KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATION(D) Role of a Statement
Keywords reveal an argument’s structure. The conclusion of this argument comes at the very end, when the author recommends that societies use public funds to support pure science. The claim in question—that private corporations won’t support activities that don’t have short-term profitability— comes just before that conclusion, and is preceded by the word “since,” a word that is a dead giveaway for evidence. In this argument, as in any argument, the role of evidence is to provide support for the conclusion.
(D) gets more specific, but summarizes that role perfectly.
(A) The claim is not the conclusion, but support for the conclusion – two very different things.
(B) The expression “pure research” isn’t even in the argument, so the claim could not possibly explain its meaning.
(C) The claim in question is wholly relevant to the point at issue, and does not introduce any other goals.
(E) A recommendation is offered in the argument, but that’s about the only thing that
(E) gets right. The claim in question refers to private corporations, and private corporations don’t need to accept the recommendation because the recommendation isn’t even for them.