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EducationAisle
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Quiz-3: Strengthen the Conclusion 07 May 2025, 00:41
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This is an excerpt from the chapter "Strengthen the Conclusion" in our book "EducationAisle Critical Reasoning Nirvana":
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Patterns in Strengthen the Conclusion

Validate an assumption made by the argument

While Assumptions is a completely separate topic in Critical Reasoning, it is important to note that almost all Assumptions will Strengthen the conclusion. Let us consider the following argument:

Nancy has graduated from Evercrest Academy. So, she will do very well in a career in Finance.

Identify an assumption in the above argument?

A correct assumption (an implied premise) in the above argument is:

Students who graduate from Evercrest Academy do very well in a career in Finance.

Now, let us consider the same argument with a different question stem:

Nancy has graduated from Evercrest Academy. So, she will do very well in a career in Finance.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the conclusion?

A correct answer choice in this strengthens the conclusion is:

Students who graduate from Evercrest Academy do very well in a career in Finance.

In other words, the answer choice that qualified as the correct Assumption, also serves to strengthen the conclusion. Remember that in strengthen the conclusion questions, we are looking at an answer choice that provides an evidence that gives us a reason to believe that the conclusion is logical. Hence, if, whatever was assumed in the argument (as part of the Assumption question), is now presented to us as an evidence (as part of strengthen the conclusion question), that qualifies as the right answer in strengthen the conclusion question.

It should be noted however that the reverse is not true: While almost all correct Assumptions qualify as strengthen the conclusions, not all strengtheners would qualify as correct assumptions.

Let us see how skilled you are at applying this concept, to the question below:
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Question

Two products (Product A and Product B) are very similar products in the baby-food space. However, since Product A costs less, it vastly outsells Product B. To significantly increase the sales of Product B, the company that owns Product B is planning to reduce its price by 10%.

What, if true, provides evidence that the plan to reduce the price of Product B by 10% will significantly increase the sales of Product B?
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EducationAisle
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Quiz-3: Strengthen the Conclusion 07 May 2025, 23:49
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Solution

One correct answer to the above question is:

The current price of Product A is less than 10% less than the current price of Product B.

Let us think about it. If current price of Product A is more than 10% less than the current price of Product B, then the plan to reduce the price of Product B by 10% will still not bring the price of Product B below that of product A. For instance, currently, if Product A costs $8 and Product B costs $10. Reducing the price of Product B by 10% will bring the price of Product B down to $9. However, since this reduced price of Product B ($9) is still more than the price of Product A ($8), this price reduction of 10% in the price of Product B is unlikely to result in a significant increase the sales of Product B.
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